Original articleDevelopment of the Functional Vision Questionnaire for Children and Young People with Visual Impairment: The FVQ_CYP
Section snippets
Methods
The study was approved by the National Health Service Research Ethics Committee for UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital, United Kingdom, and followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Development of the FVQ_CYP followed 3 distinct phases. Item generation for the instrument (phase 1) was based on the rich qualitative interview data, followed by pre-testing (phase 2) and piloting of the FVQ_CYP (phase 3) with VI children. Participating children gave informed
Phase 1
The list of 712 function-relevant statements was systematically reduced to a draft 58-item questionnaire, with some specific features. First, to be contextually meaningful to children, the items were organized into 4 activity categories, that is, home, school, sports and leisure, and mobility, each introduced by the statement: “We want to find out how your eyesight affects your activities at [activity category, e.g., home].” This contrasts with other adult and child instruments organized by VF
Discussion
We have developed a novel self-report FVQ_CYP instrument for children aged 10 to 15 years to capture their self-assessed ability to complete vision-dependent tasks, which is psychometrically robust and relatively short and easy to complete. It has good construct validity, with FV summary scores correlating significantly with visual acuity. The FVQ_CYP is a unidimensional scale (i.e., capturing a single latent trait that is FV) with high measurement precision, which is targeted well to children
Acknowledgment
We would like to acknowledge all the colleagues from the following hospitals who helped with patient identification and recruitment: Birmingham Children's Hospital, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bristol Eye Hospital, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Royal Derby Hospital, St James's University Hospital, Pinderfields General Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Torbay Hospital, Southend Hospital, University Hospital of Wales and West
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2020, American Journal of OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :Individual in-depth, interviews were conducted with children younger than 10 and young people older than 15 years to investigate the relevance of issues covered by the FVQ_CYP items (from the 10-15 year olds' instrument7) to those outside the age range of 10-15 years, and to identify any new age-specific issues. We used our existing data from the development of the original FVQ_CYP, involving 32 interviews with 10-15 year olds,7 as the foundation for data collection, and reached data saturation after 12 interviews with children and 17 interviews with young people. Interviews were transcribed and coded using NVivo10.11
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Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
Funding: The study was funded by a Fight for Sight Project Grant (1321/1322). Further support was received from the following sources: Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, and NIHR Central and East London Comprehensive Research Network. The study was undertaken at University College London Institute of Child Health/Great Ormond Street Hospital and Moorfields Eye Hospital/at University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, both of which receive a proportion of funding from the Department of Health's NIHR Biomedical Research Center's funding scheme. Members of the team are supported by the Ulverscroft Foundation. The Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Institute of Child Health also benefited from funding support from the Medical Research Council in its capacity as the Medical Research Council Center of Epidemiology for Child Health.
The FVQ_CYP is available on request from the corresponding author. Copyright statement: The FVQ_CYP should not be reproduced or modified without the corresponding author's permission. Copyright © 2013 University College London (UCL) Institute of Child Health.
∗Group members available online in Appendix 1 (http://aaojournal.org).
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Appendix 1. Members of the VQoL Group: Phillippa Cumberland, Naomi Dale, Peng Khaw, Anthony Moore, Alison Salt, and David Taylor. Members of the study advisory group: Corie Brown, Marianne Craig, Christine Ennals, Sarah Keeley, Lucy Kidd, Jackie Osborne, Nidhi Sobti, Paula Thomas, and Jude Thompson.