Original articleCross-cultural adaptation and clinical evaluation of a Korean version of the disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand outcome questionnaire (K-DASH)
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The study was divided into 2 phases. First, the English version of the DASH was translated into Korean and the K-DASH was developed through a cross-cultural adaptation process. Second, the K-DASH was tested on patients with upper extremity problems to verify its reliability and validity.
Adaptation
Most parts of the questionnaire were translated without difficulty, but some discrepancies were found in several items because of the different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Item #8 was a question regarding indoor gardening, because approximately half of the Korean population lives in apartments. In addition, the Korean expression “i-bu-ja-ri,” which means a bed quilt on the floor, was added to item #9, because many people prefer to sleep on a heated floor than on a bed. All of the
Discussion
The DASH, an instrument that evaluates upper extremity disabilities, has advantages for analyzing the overall function of the upper extremity. The 30 items in the questionnaire ask about different upper extremity disabilities in terms of symptoms, physical functions, social functions, and psychological problems. However, the DASH is somewhat less responsive than questionnaires designed for disease-specific scales.12 Nevertheless, the DASH is best known for its reliability and validity in a
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