Social cognition, social competence, negative symptoms and social outcomes: Inter-relationships in people with schizophrenia
Section snippets
Subjects
The data was collected in two different geographical locations. The study participants were patients (n = 179) with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, receiving treatment at outpatient locations in Miami and Dallas. Miami patients were recruited from the outpatient services at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Patients in Dallas were recruited using Metrocare Services, a large non-profit provider of mental health services in Dallas County, as well as other outpatient
Results
Table 2 presents demographic information on patient participants. Table 3 shows the means, standard deviations, and ranges for the real-world social functioning variables as well as the predictor variables, which include PANSS symptoms and social cognition measures. Table 4 shows the intercorrelations between these same variables. As seen in Table 4, many of the social cognition measures have significant correlations with one another. Additionally, overall scores on negative symptoms, as well
Discussion
Previous studies have examined the predictive relationships between negative symptoms, social competence, and social cognition and everyday social outcomes, but this is the first study to our knowledge that concurrently examined the interaction between social competence, a comprehensive assessment of social cognition, negative symptoms, and social functioning. Negative symptoms reflecting reduced motivation for social engagement appear to be the best predictors of everyday social outcomes in
Role of funding source
This research was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, who provided no input into the analyses and presentation of these data.
Contributions of the authors
Drs. Harvey, Penn, and Pinkham designed the overall study and obtained funding. Dr. Kalin and Ms. Kaplan conceptualized and conducted the current analyses and wrote the first draft of the paper. Dr. Harvey provided scientific oversight throughout the project and edited the manuscript. All authors provided detailed comments on the manuscript.
Conflicts of interest and disclosure
Dr. Harvey has received consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Forum Pharma, Genentech, Otsuka America, Roche Pharma, Sanofi Pharma, Sunovion Pharma, and Takeda Pharma during the past year.
Dr. Pinkham has served as a consultant to Otsuka America.
None of the other authors have any commercial interests to report.
Acknowledgments
All individuals who contributed to this paper are listed as authors. No professional medical writer was involved in any portion of the preparation of the manuscripts. Data were collected by paid research assistants who did not contribute to the scientific work in this paper. This research was supported by NIMH grant number 93432 to Drs. Harvey, Penn, and Pinkham.
References (41)
- et al.
Affect recognition in schizophrenia: a function of global impairment or a specific cognitive deficit
Psychiatry Res.
(1997) - et al.
Schizophrenia, symptomatology and social inference: investigating “theory of mind” in people with schizophrenia
Schizophr. Res.
(1995) - et al.
A path model investigation of neurocognition, theory of mind, social competence, negative symptoms and real-world functioning in schizophrenia
Schizophr. Res.
(2011) Issues in selection of instruments to measure negative symptoms
Schizophr. Res.
(2013)- et al.
Negative symptom improvement during cognitive rehabilitation: results from a two-year trial of cognitive enhancement therapy
Psychiatry Res.
(2013) - et al.
Psychosocial treatments for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: current practices and future directions
Clin. Psychol. Rev.
(2013) - et al.
Amotivation and functional outcomes in early schizophrenia
Psychiatry Res.
(2013) - et al.
Cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia: pharmacological and cognitive remediation approaches
Psychiatric Clin. North Am.
(2012) - et al.
Social cognition in psychosis: multidimensional structure, clinical correlates, and relationship with functional outcome
Schizophr. Res.
(2011) - et al.
Social skills performance assessment among older patients with schizophrenia
Schizophr. Res.
(2001)
Social competence versus negative symptoms as predictors of real world social functioning in schizophrenia
Schizophr. Res.
Development of a measure of relationship perception in schizophrenia
Psychiatry Res.
Social skills training for schizophrenia: review and future directions
Clin. Psychol. Rev.
The human amygdala in social judgment
Nature
The ‘Reading the mind in the eyes’ test revised version: a study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism
J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry
Social cognitive impairments and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: are there subtypes with distinct functional correlates?
Schizophr. Bull.
An analysis of social competence in schizophrenia
Br. J. Psychiatry
The ambiguous intentions hostility questionnaire (AIHQ): a new measure for evaluating hostile social-cognitive biases in paranoia
Cogn. Neuropsychiatry
The functional significance of social cognition in schizophrenia: a review
Schizophr. Bull.
Self-assessment in schizophrenia: accuracy of evaluation of cognition and everyday functioning
Neuropsychology
Cited by (106)
Predictive role of pulvinar in social functional outcome of schizophrenia
2023, Psychiatry ResearchFacial emotion recognition processes according to schizotypal personality traits: An eye-tracking study
2023, International Journal of PsychophysiologyWhite matter microstructural abnormalities in individuals with attenuated positive symptom syndromes
2023, Journal of Psychiatric ResearchRelationship between the domains of theory of mind, social dysfunction, and oxytocin in schizophrenia
2022, Journal of Psychiatric ResearchCognitive gains as a mechanism of functional capacity improvement in schizophrenia: Results from a multi-site randomized controlled trial
2022, Journal of Psychiatric Research