Elsevier

The Journal of Pain

Volume 12, Issue 10, October 2011, Pages 1032-1039
The Journal of Pain

Original Report
Chronic Pain in Adolescents Is Associated With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.03.004Get rights and content
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Abstract

Adults who suffer from chronic pain are at increased risk for suicide ideation and attempts, but it is not clear whether adolescents with chronic pain are similarly at elevated risk. This study investigates whether chronic pain is associated with an increase in suicidal ideation/attempts independent of depression in a population sample of adolescents. We analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of adolescents in the United States (N = 9,970). Most chronic pain was related to suicide ideation/attempt both in the last year (odds ratio [OR] 1.3–2.1) and during the subsequent year (OR 1.2–1.8). After controlling for depressive symptoms, headaches (OR = 1.3 last year, OR = 1.2 subsequent year) and muscle aches (OR = 1.3 last year) remained associated with suicide ideation but not suicide attempt. These findings show that chronic pain in adolescence is a risk factor for suicide ideation; this effect is partly but not fully explained by depression. Youth with comorbid depression and chronic pain are at increased risk of thinking about and attempting suicide. Clinicians should be alert to suicide ideation/attempt and comorbid depression in this at-risk population.

Perspective

Adolescents who suffer from chronic pain are at increased risk for suicide ideation and attempt. Depressive symptoms account for the link between chronic pain and suicide attempt, but do not completely explain why adolescents with chronic pain show suicide ideation.

Key words

Pain
suicide
epidemiology
adolescents

Cited by (0)

The authors have no conflicts of interest related to this manuscript.