Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
New researchNeural Biomarker and Early Temperament Predict Increased Internalizing Symptoms After a Natural Disaster
Section snippets
Method
The sample for the current study consisted of 223 children (initially between the ages of 3.00 and 4.09 years, SD = 0.26) and their mothers from a larger longitudinal study of 559 children (for details, see Olino et al.8). Participants were recruited through a commercial mailing list and screened to select children with no significant medical problems or developmental disabilities and who had at least one English-speaking biological parent who could participate in the study. As part of this
Descriptive Statistics and Bivariate Correlations
As previously reported,40, 41, 45 the ERP response was more negative following errors than correct responses (F1, 222 = 90.08, p < .001) (Figure 1). Means and standard deviations as well as Pearson correlations are presented for all main study variables in Table 1. Hurricane stressors related to posthurricane internalizing symptoms (r221 = 0.16, p < 05). In addition, prehurricane internalizing symptoms predicted posthurricane internalizing symptoms (r221 = 0.56, p < .01), as well as
Discussion
The current study examined the ERN in conjunction with temperamental fear as prospective predictors of increased symptoms following exposure to Hurricane Sandy in a large sample of children. Results suggested that children who were high in fear at age 3 years and who experienced elevated hurricane stressors were characterized by subsequent increases in internalizing symptoms, but only when they were also characterized by an increased ERN at age 6 years. These findings support a moderated
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This study was funded by a National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) grant (R01 MH069942).
Drs. Kotov and Klein served as the statistical experts for this research.
Disclosure: Drs. Meyer, Danielson, Danzig, Bhatia, Black, Bromet, Carlson, Hajcak, Kotov, and Klein report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.