Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
New researchAutism Spectrum Disorders According to DSM-IV-TR and Comparison With DSM-5 Draft Criteria: An Epidemiological Study
Section snippets
Participants
The Finnish population is mainly of Finnish extraction and Finno-Ugric origin. In Finland, everyone has equal rights to healthcare and basic education. All children undergo developmental examinations several times before school age. If any developmental deviances are found, more detailed investigations are performed. Parents thus get to know the diagnosis and cognitive level of their child. In the Oulu University Hospital area, children diagnosed with mental retardation are referred to
Prevalence of ASDs and Autism According to DSM-IV-TR
The prevalence of ASDs was 8.4 (95% CI = 6.1–11.5) in 1,000 according to DSM-IV-TR; 65% of the subjects were high-functioning with an FSIQ ≥70. The prevalence of ASDs with mild mental retardation (FSIQ 50–69) was 0.9 (95% CI = 0.4–2.3) in 1,000, with moderate mental retardation (FSIQ 35–49), 1.6 (95% CI = 0.8–3.3) in 1,000, and with severe mental retardation (FSIQ 20–34), 0.45 (95% CI = 0.1–1.6) in 1,000. No subjects with profound mental retardation (FSIQ <20) were diagnosed as having ASDs.
The
Discussion
In this study, we do the following: 1) provide estimates of the prevalence of ASDs and autism in an 8-year-old epidemiological cohort, according to DSM-IV-TR; 2) clarify confusion concerning the diagnostic criteria; 3) evaluate DSM-5 draft criteria for ASD posted by the APA in February 2010; and 4) suggest modifications to five details of DSM-5 draft criteria. The results show that the prevalence of ASDs was 8.4 in 1,000 and that of autism 4.1 was in 1,000 according to DSM-IV-TR. Of the
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Cited by (0)
This study was supported by research grants from Finland's Slot Machine Association, the Eija and Veikko Lesonen Foundation, Oulu, Finland, the Alma and K.A. Snellman Foundation, Oulu, Finland, the Rinnekoti Research Foundation, Espoo, Finland, the Child Psychiatric Research Foundation, Finland, the Child Psychiatric Research Foundation, Oulu Area, Finland, the Oulu Medical Research Foundation, Oulu, Finland, the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, Finland, the Thule Institute, University of Oulu, Finland, and the Jusélius Foundation, Finland. The sponsors had no role in the design of the study or the manner in which it was conducted.
The study statistical experts were Ms. Leena Joskitt, M.Sc. and Mr. Risto Bloigu, M.Sc.
Drs. Mattila, Linna, Ebeling, Moilanen, Kielinen, and Joseph, and Ms. Jussila and Mr. Bloigu, report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
This article is discussed in an editorial by Dr. Francesca Happé on page 540.
Supplemental material cited in this article is available online.