Care of Patients with Cardiovascular DisordersRisk groups and predictors of short-term abstinence from smoking in patients with coronary heart disease
Section snippets
Design
The study was longitudinal in its design, and involved 2 measurements: 1 baseline measurement during hospital admission (T0), and 1 follow-up measurement 1 month after hospital discharge (T1).
Setting and Sample
Sixteen cardiac wards in hospitals throughout the Netherlands that did not apply any form of smoking cessation intervention to cardiac patients were invited to participate. Six of the cardiac wards (37.5%) were willing to participate. These wards were similar in constitution to the wards that declined to
Sample Characteristics
Table 1 shows that patients had an average age of 55 years, were predominantly male, and had a relatively low level of education. A minority had previously been admitted to hospital because of a cardiac event. The average addiction level of patients was fairly high, whereas more than half of the sample had not engaged in any attempt to quit smoking during the 12 months before admission. However, about two thirds of patients included in the sample reported not having smoked since admission, and
Discussion
Foremost, this study identified 3 clusters of smoking cardiac patients. The third of these clusters included cardiac patients with a high risk to resume smoking after hospital discharge. Patients in this cluster were characterized by a history of cardiac disease, high addiction levels, high scores for depression, and low intentions toward nonsmoking. The 3 clusters of cardiac patients differed significantly in their perceived social influences, suggesting that a supportive nonsmoking social
Conclusion
This study provides an important insight into the risk profiles and smoking behavior of cardiac patients. About one third of the cardiac patients presented with unfavorable social cognitions, and they were at high risk of resuming or continuing smoking. Among others, social support and strong intentions toward refraining from smoking were indispensable to achieving long-term abstinence. These findings may prove useful when designing smoking cessation interventions for cardiac patients.
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