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Effects of momentary self-monitoring on empowerment in a randomized controlled trial in patients with depression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2015

C.J.P. Simons ,
J.A. Hartmann ,
I. Kramer ,
C. Menne-Lothmann ,
P. Höhn ,
A.L. van Bemmel ,
I. Myin-Germeys ,
P. Delespaul ,
J. van Os  and
M. Wichers
C.J.P. Simons*
Affiliation:
GGzE, Institute of Mental Health Care Eindhoven and De Kempen, P.O. Box 909, 5600 AXEindhoven, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
J.A. Hartmann
Affiliation:
GGzE, Institute of Mental Health Care Eindhoven and De Kempen, P.O. Box 909, 5600 AXEindhoven, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
I. Kramer
Affiliation:
GGzE, Institute of Mental Health Care Eindhoven and De Kempen, P.O. Box 909, 5600 AXEindhoven, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
C. Menne-Lothmann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
P. Höhn
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
A.L. van Bemmel
Affiliation:
GGzE, Institute of Mental Health Care Eindhoven and De Kempen, P.O. Box 909, 5600 AXEindhoven, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
I. Myin-Germeys
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
P. Delespaul
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands Mondriaan Mental Health Trust, South Limburg, The Netherlands
J. van Os
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands King's College London, King's Health Partners, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, UK
M. Wichers
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, European Graduate School of Neuroscience, SEARCH, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands University Medical Centre Groningen, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
*
⁎Corresponding author. Tel.: +31 4026 13700; fax: +31 4026 13830. E-mail address:c.simons@maastrichtuniversity.nl (C.J.P. Simons).
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Abstract

Background

Interventions based on the experience sampling method (ESM) are ideally suited to provide insight into personal, contextualized affective patterns in the flow of daily life. Recently, we showed that an ESM-intervention focusing on positive affect was associated with a decrease in symptoms in patients with depression. The aim of the present study was to examine whether ESM-intervention increased patient empowerment.

Methods

Depressed out-patients (n = 102) receiving psychopharmacological treatment who had participated in a randomized controlled trial with three arms: (i) an experimental group receiving six weeks of ESM self-monitoring combined with weekly feedback sessions, (ii) a pseudo-experimental group participating in six weeks of ESM self-monitoring without feedback, and (iii) a control group (treatment as usual only). Patients were recruited in the Netherlands between January 2010 and February 2012. Self-report empowerment scores were obtained pre- and post-intervention.

Results

There was an effect of group × assessment period, indicating that the experimental (B = 7.26, P = 0.061, d = 0.44, statistically imprecise) and pseudo-experimental group (B = 11.19, P = 0.003, d = 0.76) increased more in reported empowerment compared to the control group. In the pseudo-experimental group, 29% of the participants showed a statistically reliable increase in empowerment score and 0% reliable decrease compared to 17% reliable increase and 21% reliable decrease in the control group. The experimental group showed 19% reliable increase and 4% reliable decrease.

Conclusions

These findings tentatively suggest that self-monitoring to complement standard antidepressant treatment may increase patients’ feelings of empowerment. Further research is necessary to investigate long-term empowering effects of self-monitoring in combination with person-tailored feedback.

Keywords

Ecological momentary assessmentIntervention studySelf-monitoringPersonalized feedbackDepressive disorderEmpowerment
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 30 , Issue 8 , November 2015 , pp. 900 - 906
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2020

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