Elsevier

Clinical Psychology Review

Volume 28, Issue 8, December 2008, Pages 1326-1342
Clinical Psychology Review

A meta-analytic review of the relationships between the five-factor model and DSM-IV-TR personality disorders: A facet level analysis☆

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2008.07.002Get rights and content

Abstract

Theory and research have suggested that the personality disorders contained within the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) can be understood as maladaptive variants of the personality traits included within the five-factor model (FFM). The current meta-analysis of FFM personality disorder research both replicated and extended the 2004 work of Saulsman and Page (The five-factor model and personality disorder empirical literature: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 1055–1085) through a facet level analysis that provides a more specific and nuanced description of each DSM-IV-TR personality disorder. The empirical FFM profiles generated for each personality disorder were generally congruent at the facet level with hypothesized FFM translations of the DSM-IV-TR personality disorders. However, notable exceptions to the hypotheses did occur and even some findings that were consistent with FFM theory could be said to be instrument specific.

Section snippets

Study selection and retrieval

The initial pool of potential studies was drawn from those included in the reviews by Saulsman and Page (2004), O'Connor (2005), and Mullins-Sweatt and Widiger (2006). However, it is worth noting that only one of the studies included within Saulsman and Page was included in the current meta-analysis (i.e., Dyce & O'Connor, 1998) as this was the only study at that time to include a facet level assessment of the FFM. Beyond these initial sources, electronic literature searches were also conducted

Independent effect size calculations

Table 2 presents the independent weighted mean effect sizes between the personality disorders and the domains of the FFM from the current analysis. For ease of comparison, the original values reported in Saulsman and Page (2005) are also provided in this table. A glance at the values within Table 2 suggests that the patterns of correlations within these two separate analyses are quite similar. However, to provide a more empirical comparison, the values down each column, specifying the

Discussion

Saulsman and Page's (2004) meta-analysis examined the relationship between the domains of the FFM and the DSM personality disorders. The current meta-analysis replicated their findings at the domain level using 18, newly obtained, independent samples. The similarity between the findings from Saulsman and Page (2005) and the current meta-analysis suggest that their findings are robust and lend further confirmation to their conclusion that each of the DSM personality disorders shows meaningful

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    ☆

    The first author would like to thank Greg Smith, Richard Clayton, and John Ranseen for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.

    1

    References marked with an asterisk indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.

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