Efficacy of a Manualized and Workbook-Driven Individual Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder
Section snippets
Study Design
Participants initially presented to the Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University or the Anxiety Disorders Clinic at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for difficulties with anxiety. At the University of Nebraska, all potential participants underwent an initial evaluation with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV; T. Brown, DiNardo, & Barlow, 1994), and at Temple, all potential participants underwent the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV, Lifetime Version
Attrition
Of the 22 clients assigned to the delayed treatment condition, 3 dropped during the wait period and did not provide postdelay data. Of the 16 clients assigned to the immediate treatment condition, all but 1 completed treatment and provided posttreatment data.
Both intent-to-treat (ITT) and completer analyses were performed. For the ITT analyses, participants’ last observation was carried forward. For participants in the delayed treatment condition, this meant carrying forward their pretreatment
Discussion
The current study evaluated the efficacy of a manualized individual therapy program (Hope et al., 2000, Hope et al., 2006). Data from this study indicate that the Managing Social Anxiety program was efficacious. At posttreatment, clients who received treatment showed significantly greater improvement in their social anxiety symptoms and were more likely to be classified as treatment responders than clients who were assigned to the DT condition. Furthermore, clients who received treatment showed
Deborah Roth Ledley, Richard G. Heimberg, Talia I. Zaider, Cynthia L. Turk, and David M. Fresco were affiliated with the Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University at the time that the study was initiated. Debra A. Hope, Sarah A. Hayes, Melanie Van Dyke, and Cynthia Kraus were affiliated with the Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln at the time that the study was initiated.
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2022, Journal of Anxiety DisordersCitation Excerpt :CBT is not a unitary intervention protocol and there are various potential moderators of outcome that may be clinically important. For SAD, two frequently cited CBT treatment models are the Heimberg model (Rapee & Heimberg, 1997), often administered in a group format, but has been efficacious when administered individually (Goldin et al., 2012; Ledley et al., 2009); and the Clark and Wells model (1995), primarily administered in an individual format, but has also been adapted to the group setting (Mortberg et al., 2007; Stangier et al., 2003). The i-CBT format, a type of self-guided therapy, is also becoming increasingly common.
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Deborah Roth Ledley, Richard G. Heimberg, Talia I. Zaider, Cynthia L. Turk, and David M. Fresco were affiliated with the Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University at the time that the study was initiated. Debra A. Hope, Sarah A. Hayes, Melanie Van Dyke, and Cynthia Kraus were affiliated with the Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln at the time that the study was initiated.
Drs. Heimberg and Hope retain their original affiliations. Dr. Ledley is now in independent practice in Plymouth Meeting, PA. Dr. Zaider is now at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. Dr. Turk is now at Washburn University, Topeka. Dr. Fresco is now at Kent State University, Kent. Dr. Hayes is now at University of Massachusetts-Boston, Dr. Van Dyke is now at the St. Louis Behavioral Medicine Institute, and Dr. Kraus is now at Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston.
Portions of this paper were presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Boston, MA, November 2003.
Drs. Heimberg, Hope, and Turk disclose financial interest in the published materials evaluated in this article.