Cognitive-Behavioral Depression Treatment for Mothers of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder☆
Section snippets
Participants
Participants were recruited for 3 years (1998–2000) from families who were enrolled in the ADHD Summer Treatment Program (STP) offered by the Center for Children and Families at the University at Buffalo, the State University of New York. During the final week of the STP, mothers were provided the opportunity to participate in a 12-week “Maternal Stress and Coping Group.” Sixty-two mothers agreed to participate in the study and signed the study consent form. Twenty-six mothers in Year 1 (15
Maternal Functioning
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Erbaugh, 1961), a 21-item self-report instrument that assesses depressive symptomatology, is perhaps the most widely used outcome measure in treatment studies of depression (Dobson, 1989). On the BDI, participants indicate which of four statements most accurately reflects how they felt during the preceding week (e.g., “I do not feel sad” vs. “I feel sad” vs. “I am sad all the time and I can't snap out of it” vs. “I am so sad or
Analytic strategy
Consistent with our past practice (Roberts, Shapiro & Gamble, 1999), on each of the weekly measures (BDI, BAI, IOWA Conners, PSS, and RSE), scores from the pre- or posttreatment measures and the weekly rating prior to and following completion of pre- or posttreatment measures (three scores in total) were averaged to provide a more reliable measure of the constructs.
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment program in the four domains under examination, 2 × 2 (group: immediate
Discussion
The current study provided a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral group depression intervention for mothers of children with ADHD. In this study, mothers were randomly assigned to an immediate treatment group or a wait-list control group following their children's participation in the STP. We hypothesized that participation in the CWDC would result in improvement in four domains: (1) maternal functioning; (2) maternal expectations and attributions for child behavior;
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2018, Behavior TherapyCitation Excerpt :Such beliefs reflect parents’ underlying negative internal, global, and stable attributions regarding their children and their parenting, and are likely related to parenting self-efficacy (Hoza et al., 2000; Johnston, Reynolds, Freeman, & Geller, 1998; Kaiser, Hinshaw, & Pfiffner, 2009). These errors are important to examine among parents of children with ADHD, given the high likelihood of depressed symptoms in these parents (Chronis, Gamble, Roberts, & Pelham, 2006; Johnston & Mash, 2001), along with evidence that these parents tend to view their children’s misbehavior as global, stable, and caused by internal factors (e.g., Johnston & Freeman, 1997). Although research on the link between parenting and cognitive errors per se is lacking, cognitive errors are a hallmark of depression (Beck, 1963).
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This article was accepted under the editorship of David A. F. Haaga.
- 1
Dr. Chronis is now at the University of Maryland, College Park.
- 2
Dr. Gamble is now at the University of Rochester Medical Center.