Coronary Artery DiseaseComparison of Frequency and Duration of Periodontal Disease With Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium in Patients With and Without Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Section snippets
Methods
Subjects were identified from the CACTI Study. CACTI is a prospective cohort study examining the prevalence of CAC in patients with type 1 diabetes and a comparable group of controls with no history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Detailed descriptions of the study design have previously been published.2 Participants in this study included those who had completed the 6-year (range 4.1 to 8.5 years) follow-up visit and had complete data for all covariates (n = 1,021). Informed consent
Results
A total of 473 patients with established type 1 diabetes and 548 nondiabetic individuals were assessed. Participant characteristics at baseline stratified by diabetes status are presented in Table 1. Those patients with diabetes were younger and more likely to be receiving medications for hypertension and dyslipidemia. Corresponding diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were lower in those with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. Gender,
Discussion
Patients with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk for the development of both periodontal disease and CAD, but the interrelation between these conditions is not fully understood. Given the longitudinal nature of the study, we further investigated the relation between diabetes and periodontal disease on the progression of CAC over a 6-year period. Although periodontal disease did not differ at baseline between the diabetic and nondiabetic groups, the duration of periodontal disease was
Disclosures
The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.
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Cited by (12)
The complex interplay between periodontal and cardiovascular disease: The eyes to know the soul, the mouth to see the heart
2023, Trends in Cardiovascular MedicineThe association between periodontitis and cardiovascular risks in asymptomatic healthy patients
2021, International Journal of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Risk and PreventionCitation Excerpt :Periodontitis was self-reported by an unvalidated questionnaire and clinical dental examination was not performed. The researchers concluded that in patients with Type 1 diabetes, periodontal disease duration was significantly related to CAC progression, but this was not the case in subjects without diabetes [30]. Taking above mentioned into account, we are the first study that included exclusively, asymptomatic healthy patients from the dental practice.
Periodontal disease, smoking, cardiovascular complications and mortality in type 1 diabetes
2019, Journal of Diabetes and its ComplicationsCitation Excerpt :In this prospective cohort study of individuals with childhood-onset T1D, we observed that PD significantly increased the risk of both CAD and Hard CAD among current smokers only. This is similar to the finding from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study, where self-reported PD was significantly associated with CAC progression at 6 years follow-up.19 Our study presents stronger evidence of this association as we have verified measure of periodontal disease, a longer follow up time and verified clinical outcomes.
The association between Type 1 diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases
2019, Journal of the Formosan Medical AssociationCitation Excerpt :A significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose level and glycated hemoglobin in patients with T2DM and PD was observed with nonsurgical periodontal therapy.52 Periodontal microbes were not identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease inT1DM young patients with favorable oral health,53 thus targeted therapy to maintain oral health might reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases.54 In the present study, we found the overall incidence of PDs (gingivitis and periodontitis) was higher in people with age <20 than people with age 20–40 (Table 2), which was not in accordance with the general concept.
Periodontal Disease, Systemic Inflammation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
2018, Heart Lung and CirculationCitation Excerpt :Only a few studies have assessed the presence of early markers of coronary disease. Groves et al. [50] found that, in patients with type 1 DM, duration of PD has a significant relationship with the development and progression of coronary artery calcium. Also, other studies have found a relationship between severity of PD and presence of cardiac calcifications (i.e. valvular calcification), which are markers of subclinical atherosclerosis [51].
Is there evidence that periodontal diseases are risk factors for coronary arterial disease?—Scoping review
2021, Special Care in Dentistry
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