Review and special articleChildren's Skin Cancer Prevention: A Systematic Review of Parents' Psychosocial Measures
Section snippets
Context
Childhood sun exposure increases skin cancer risk.1, 2 Parents' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs may be influenced through intervention to increase children's sun protection. Measures of these parental psychosocial characteristics play important analytic roles in studies to identify determinants of children's sun protection or understand how interventions work. However, little is known about the psychosocial measures that have been administered to parents, including the psychometric properties
Relevant Measures
This review's conceptual model is derived from the logic framework used by the Task Force on Community Preventive Services (Task Force) to review skin cancer prevention interventions.3 Interventions are expected to affect psychosocial outcomes (e.g., knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intentions) that are hypothesized to be associated with sun protection and sun avoidance behaviors,5 which are associated with health outcomes such as decreased incidence of sunburn and skin cancer. The current
Evidence Synthesis
A total of 6480 citations were identified from the database search, which yielded all relevant citations identified by previous searches.3, 4 A total of 57 studies representing 52 data sets were included (Figure 1).
Discussion
Overall, this review revealed that relatively few studies of children's skin cancer prevention assessed more than two parent-related psychosocial constructs; few studies cited theory; there was conceptual overlap of measures; and validated measures are lacking. The lack of standardized measure reporting, including limited information on psychometric properties, restricts the conclusions that can be drawn. Increased attention paid to psychosocial measurement in future research will enhance
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