Published data for this article were identified by a MEDLINE search with combinations of the search terms: “prostatic neoplasms”, “watchful waiting”, and “conservative management”. References from relevant articles, and the author's personal collection were also included. Only articles published in English in the PSA era (since 1990) were considered. Papers were selected if they included clinical outcome data from patients with localised prostate cancer managed conservatively, but with
ReviewActive surveillance: towards a new paradigm in the management of early prostate cancer
Section snippets
Some men benefit from radical treatment
Prostate cancer, unlike cancers of other sites, often has a very indolent natural history. Whereas patients with any other curable cancer would automatically be offered radical treatment, “watchful waiting” has been a recognised approach to managing prostate cancer, with acceptable results in selected patients.3 In fact, the first good evidence that some men benefit from radical treatment of localised prostate cancer has only recently become available. From 1989 to 1999, the Scandinavian
Search strategy and selection criteria
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