Supplement articleHealth issues for adolescents in the justice system
Section snippets
introduction
In a groundbreaking 1982 report, Knitzer [4] concluded that children in the juvenile justice system with emotional and behavioral disorders were largely neglected and ignored by public service systems. Ten years later, in the most comprehensive monograph available on the subject, Cocozza [5] reported that “the situation has not changed.” Sadly, 6 years later juvenile justice and mental health are still, in Knitzer’s words, “the forgotten mandate.”
scope of the problem
Although official reports on this problem go
Juvenile crime and public reaction
Between 1987 and 1994, the rate of arrest for violent crimes by juveniles in this country rose by 70% [12]. The increase was led by juvenile arrests for murder, which more than doubled from the mid-1980s to the early 1990s. The homicide rate upsurge was completely firearm related, as young people committed murder with guns much more frequently than ever before [43]. At the same time, the media increasingly focused its attention on violent juvenile crime [53], and pundits, politicians, and news
Scope of the problem
Gun violence is an epidemic in our society. Guns, primarily handguns, were used in more than 740,000 crimes of violence in
Acknowledgements
Vonetta Brown, a third-year student at George Washington University National Law Center, and Michelle Light, a second-year student at New York University School of Law, provided invaluable research assistance in the preparation of this paper.
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Youth Incarceration in Adult Facilities and Mental Health in Early Adulthood
2024, Journal of Adolescent HealthContact with the juvenile justice system in children treated with stimulant medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A population study
2014, The Lancet PsychiatryCitation Excerpt :Substantial psychiatric morbidity has been reported in juveniles in detention, adding to their overall dysfunction.34 The juvenile justice system possibly has neither the capacity to assess mental health disorders nor the ability to identify a need for treatment.35,36 Research shows that young people with ADHD find the court system difficult to follow, are less likely to adhere to non-commitment sanctions, do not have the capacity for sustained attention during proceedings, and, therefore, are more likely to be reconvicted than individuals without ADHD.10,33
Forensic child and adolescent psychiatry: From field experiences to education standards
2014, Journal of Forensic and Legal MedicineCitation Excerpt :An examination of the most troublesome evaluation types reveals that the common ground is the use of expert reports as the basis for possible penalties. Many authors suggest that legal authorities do not have the training required to deal with the problems occurring during child assessments and thus tend to base their decisions on expert opinions.16,22,23 This burdens doctors with added responsibility and makes these evaluations harder to manage.
The impact of incarceration on juvenile offenders
2013, Clinical Psychology ReviewCitation Excerpt :Research also suggests that youth in adult prisons are at particular risk of negative health outcomes (Braverman & Murray, 2011; Griel & Loeb, 2009). This is primarily because they are vulnerable to both physical and sexual assault, are more likely to be placed in “protective” isolation for long periods, which has serious effects on health, and little is offered in the way of health services, education, or recreation programs for juveniles (Soler, 2002). It is largely accepted that educational success can lead to a decreased likelihood of delinquency (Foley, 2001).
Childhood Poverty and the Social Safety Net
2010, Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care