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Structural model of head start classroom quality

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Abstract

The purpose of this research study was to develop, test, and validate a model that identifies the characteristics and beliefs of teachers and aides, and the classroom structural dimensions associated with Head Start classroom quality. The quality of classroom teaching practices was collected using the Assessment Profile for Early Childhood Programs: Research Version. Classroom structural characteristics were collected by observers. Teachers and teacher aides completed three self-report instruments: Teacher Beliefs Scale, Instructional Activities Scale, and Family Involvement Survey. Data analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling with the Lisrel VII computer program. The model was tested with Year 1 classroom level data and validated with Year 2 data. Education Level was shown to directly affect Inappropriate Beliefs, which impacted Inappropriate Instructional Activities, which influenced Classroom Quality. Neither Education Level nor Teacher Beliefs had direct effects on Classroom Quality, but they had indirect effects through Instructional Activities. Classroom Structure was associated directly with Quality. Education Level and Classroom Quality were associated directly with Attitudes Toward Families.

Section snippets

Participants

The Georgia State University Research Center on Head Start Quality, funded by a five-year grant from the Administration for Children, Youth and Families, is working in partnership with three Head Start programs in the Southeast to address the factors that influence quality, and the impact of quality on children and families. The total sample size for both Years 1 and 2 was 190 classrooms across the three Head Start programs. Complete data sets were obtained for 175 classrooms during the first

Results

In preparation for building the structural model, a second-order factor analysis was performed to determine whether the five scales of the Assessment Profile for Early Childhood Programs: Research Version (Abbott-Shim & Sibley, 1992) form a single latent construct. Since the latent construct of classroom quality served as the primary outcome, or endogenous variable for this model, it was particularly important to demonstrate that it truly represents a unitary construct. In addition, it was

Discussion

In summary, it was found that Education Level directly affected Inappropriate Beliefs, which were associated with Inappropriate Instructional Activities, which had an effect upon Classroom Quality. Neither Education Level nor Teacher Beliefs had direct effects on Classroom Quality, but they had indirect effects through Instructional Activities. Classroom Structure was associated with Quality directly, and Education Level and Classroom Quality were associated with Attitudes Toward Families.

This

Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Agency for Children, Youth, and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (Award No. 90YD0016/02). The authors wish to thank other members of the research team and the Head Start staff whose major contributions made this study possible.

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