The role of private speech in the transition from collaborative to independent task performance in young children
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Cited by (120)
Sociodramatic play enhances preschoolers’ private speech and motivation across activities
2021, Cognitive DevelopmentMaternal behaviors in toddlerhood as predictors of children's private speech in preschool
2019, Journal of Experimental Child PsychologyCitation Excerpt :The emotional aspect of private speech has been described as a window to observe children’s self-regulation through their externalization of their emotions included in their private speech (Winsler, Carlton, & Barry, 2000). Categories of private speech, specifically inaudible muttering (whispering and other speech that appear to be words but are difficult to understand) and task-relevant private speech (speech related to the immediate task), have been associated with better regulation (Berk & Spuhl, 1995; Manning, White, & Daugherty, 1994; Winsler, de León, Wallace, Carlton, & Willson-Quayle, 2003; Winsler, Diaz, & Montero, 1997; Winsler, Ducenne, & Koury, 2011). However, vocalizations (sounds that do not appear to be words), task-irrelevant private speech (speech unrelated to the task), and negatively valenced task-relevant private speech (speech related to the task but focused on task difficulty) are associated with poorer regulation (Berk & Spuhl, 1995; Manning et al., 1994; Winsler et al., 2003, 1997, 2011).
What do youth tennis athletes say to themselves? Observed and self-reported self-talk on the court
2018, Psychology of Sport and ExerciseSinging to the self: Children's private speech, private song, and executive functioning
2019, Cognitive DevelopmentCitation Excerpt :“Private speech” (PS) is talking aloud, whispering, or silently muttering to one’s self, and is thought to be an example of the child internalizing the socio-cultural tool of language, and using it for motivational and self-regulatory purposes (Atencio & Montero, 2009; Berk, 1986; Winsler et al., 2000; Vygotsky, 1986). The origin of PS is social, having emerged from previous “other”-regulation via adult-child scaffolding and social interaction (Winsler, Diaz, & Montero, 1997). Between ages 3 and 6, children typically transition from first talking aloud to themselves, then moving to the use of more covert muttering speech, and finally fully internalized PS in the form of silent, verbal thought or inner speech (Berk, 1986; Winsler et al., 2009).
Task difficulty and private speech in typically developing and at-risk preschool children
2022, Journal of Child Language