Elsevier

Advances in Psychology

Volume 50, 1988, Pages 231-246
Advances in Psychology

Chapter 9 Activity During the Post-Knowledge of Results Interval Can Benefit Motor Skill Learning

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Summary

Information presented from an external source to a learner following a practice response is commonly termed 'knowledge of results' (KR). The importance of KR can be demonstrated by observing the influence on learning of interval length or activity conditions following the receipt of KR during the post-KR interval. The traditional view is that if interval conditions lead to an increased likelihood of forgetting KR or sensory feedback, or of disrupting strategy formation for the next practice response, then poorer learning should result than if more optimal conditions prevailed. Two experiments are presented that argue against this view. Results indicate that conditions involving post-KR activity or a 20-sec empty interval lead to no worse retention than a 5-sec no activity interval. Even more striking is that post-KR activity and a 20-sec empty interval facilitate novel response transfer. This benefit cannot be due to experiencing response Variations, contrary to schema theory predictions, since practising goal task variations during the post-KR interval did not lead to more accurate transfer performance than practising responses not related to the goal task. These results indicate the need to rethink current hypotheses relative to the influence of post-KR interval conditions on motor skill learning.

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