Infant gaze aversion and heart rate during face-to-face interactions*
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2021, International Journal of Nursing Studies AdvancesCitation Excerpt :Infant social withdrawal is characterized by less frequent eye contact, fewer emotional displays, and less vocalizations, a decreased level of activity, and possibly by increased self-stimulation and delayed reaction time (Guedeney et al., 2013). Social withdrawal within a certain range is a normal part of caregiver-infant interactions allowing the infant to self-regulate (Brazelton et al., 1974; Field, 1981). In contrast, sustained social withdrawal may have adverse effects on child development, since this behavior limits the infant's access to the social learning environment (Guedeney et al., 2013; Smith-Nielsen et al., 2019).
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2021, Developmental ReviewCitation Excerpt :There is some evidence that behaviours traditionally associated with effortful affective control can be seen during the first year. For example, even at 5 months, infants were more likely to show gaze aversion (a behaviour known to downregulate arousal (Field, 1981)) in response to toy removal (Buss & Goldsmith, 1998; Stifter & Braungart, 1995) (see also Morasch & Bell, 2012). Less is known about the neural correlates of affective control during early life (Posner, Rothbart, Sheese, & Voelker, 2012).
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I am grateful to the infants and mothers who participated in this study and to the research assistants who participated in data collection.