Orienting attention to instants in time
Section snippets
Feasibility of orienting attention to time intervals
The importance of temporal information in the control of behavior is a longstanding assumption. Many general topics relating time and behavior have been investigated. For example: Complex movements require exquisite temporal coordination [26]. Rhythms of diverse temporal periods characterize behaviors of various types [28]. People can estimate time intervals over a large range with high accuracy, evoking the possibility of one or more internal clocks [86].
Time information can also interact with
Neural consequences of orienting attention to time intervals; ERP evidence
Having established the existence of temporal orienting behaviorally, natural curiosity enquires about the mechanisms by which it can influence the analysis of stimuli. The restricted information provided by dependent variables linked to response accuracy or speed in purely behavioral studies poses a challenge for uncovering the levels of stimulus analysis that are modulated. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) provide rich additional dependent variables that are correlated with neural
Control of attentional orienting to time intervals; functional imaging data
Finally, questions remain regarding the nature of the neural system that controls the orienting of attention toward specific time intervals. Information carried by the predictive stimulus must be interpreted and used to influence the analysis of forthcoming material. Also in this matter, the investigation of visual spatial attention is much ahead, and serves as a basis for comparison with temporal orienting of attention.
Converging evidence from brain-imaging and single-unit studies increasingly
Working hypotheses and future directions
The investigation of orienting attention to time intervals and the comparison with spatial orienting challenge the notion of a unitary and ubiquitous attention control system. Attention may be better conceived as a property of specialized neural systems. Frameworks that allow the integration of representations may be particularly useful for directing limited resources, such as allocentric or egocentric spatial frameworks, objects, or temporal frameworks. Certain sensorimotor systems, such as
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2021, Brain and CognitionCitation Excerpt :The alerting-related brain mask included the thalamus, temporal gyrus, medial superior prefrontal gyrus, anterior prefrontal cortex, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex (Dosenbach et al., 2008; Fan, 2014). The orienting-related brain mask included the thalamus, parietal lobe, cingulate gyrus, insula, temporal gyrus, and frontal gyrus, including frontal eye fields (FEF), orbital prefrontal cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex (Corbetta et al., 2008; Nobre, 2001). The executive control-related brain mask involved the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and superior and lateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Matsumoto & Tanaka, 2004).