Brief reportLong-term follow-up in patients with positive exercise test and angiographically normal coronary arteries (syndrome X)
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Cited by (31)
Angina pectoris in women: Focus on microvascular disease
2013, International Journal of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :The common belief that women suffering of angina in the absence of significant coronary artery stenosis are characterized by good prognosis may not always hold true. Earlier studies reported very few cardiac events in these patients [23,50,51]. However, more recently it has been shown that prognosis in such patients may be less benign.
Long-term prognosis of patients with cardiac syndrome X
2010, International Journal of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :Yet, as patients undergoing repeat coronary angiography were those with the highest probability of some evolution towards obstructive CAD, due to recurrence or worsening of symptoms, it is unlikely that a higher prevalence of CAD lesions might have been found in the whole population. While clinical prognosis was excellent, a significant number of our CSX patients continued to present angina symptoms at follow-up, which is also in agreement with previous studies [1–4]. Chest pain episodes remained unchanged in one third of patients and worsened significantly in 14% of them, despite multiple drug therapy.
Cardiac Syndrome X and Endothelial Dysfunction: New Concepts in Prognosis and Treatment
2006, American Journal of MedicineApproach to the patient with chest pain and nonobstructive coronary artery disease
2004, Progress in Cardiovascular DiseasesDifferential coronary calcification on electron-beam CT between syndrome X and coronary artery disease in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris
2001, ChestCitation Excerpt :Syndrome X comprises a heterogeneous group of patients with clinical presentation of anginal chest pain, ischemia-like ECG findings, and normal coronary angiographic results. It is generally considered to be a relatively benign clinical entity associated with a good prognosis, and only limited treatment is necessary.2526 However, patients with angiographic evidence of CAD require aggressive lifestyle modifications, appropriate and adequate medical therapy, and even revascularization procedures if indicated.
Three-year follow-up of the Japanese patients with microvascular angina attributable to coronary microvascular spasm
2001, International Journal of Cardiology
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