Esophageal transit scintigraphy

TailleferR et al.

Radionuclide esophageal transit study in detection of esophageal motor dysfunction: Comparison with motility studies (manometry)

J Nucl Med

(1990)

KleinHA et al.

Computer analysis of radionuclide esophageal transit studies

J Nucl Med

(1984)

KleinHA et al.

Normal variation in radionuclide esophageal transit studies

Eur J Nucl Med

(1987)

SvedbergJB

The bolus transport diagram: A functional display method applied to oesophageal studies

Clin Phys Physiol Meas

(1982)

GibsonCJ et al.

A parametric image technique for the assessment of oesophageal function

Nucl Med Commun

(1985)

KleinHA

Applications of condensed dynamic images

Clin Nucl Med

(1986)

DraneWE et al.

Scintigraphic detection of metaclopramide esophageal stimulation in progressive systemic sclerosis

J Nucl Med

(1987)

O'SullivanG et al.

Quantitation of esophageal transit: A scintigraphic and manometric analysis

Gastroenterology

(1982)

HamHR et al.

Quantitation of esophageal transit by means of ^81mKr

Eur J Nucl Med

(1984)

KjellénG et al.

Oesophageal transit of a radionuclide solid bolus in normals

Clin Physiol

(1983)

Llamas-ElviraJM et al.

Value of radionuclide oesophageal transit in studies of functional dysphagia

Br J Radiol

(1986)

McLeanRG et al.

Large bolus radionuclide esophageal transit may predict response to esophageal dilatation in achalasia

J Nucl Med

(1992)

AkkermansLMA et al.

Radionuclide measurement of oesophageal transit in achalasia before and after treatment using small and large test volumes

Gastroenterology

(1986)

KjellénG et al.

Oesophageal transit of a radionuclide solid bolus in normals

Clin Physiol

(1983)

KimCH et al.

Effect of viscosity on oropharyngeal and esophageal emptying in man

Dig Dis Sci

(1994)

TatschK et al.

A multiple swallow test for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of esophageal motility disorders

J Nucl Med

(1991)

KleinHA

The effect of projection in esophageal transit scintigraphy

Clin Nucl Med

(1990)

AskP et al.

Effect of time interval between swallows on esophageal peristalsis

Am J Physiol

(1980)

SandA et al.

Oesophageal transit patterns in healthy subjects

Nucl Med Commun

(1986)

HamHR et al.

Oesophageal transit of liquid: Effects of single or multiple swallows

Nucl Med Commun

(1985)

StylesCB et al.

Esophageal transit scintigraphy—a cautionary note

J Can Assoc Radiol

(1984)

CaretteS et al.

Radionuclide esophageal transit in progressive systemic sclerosis

J Rheumatol

(1985)

BartlettRJV et al.

Reproducibility of oesophageal transit studies: Several single swallows' must be performed

Nucl Med Commun

(1987)

BenjaminSB et al.

Prolonged radionuclide transit in “nutcracker esophagus”

Dig Dis Sci

(1983)

BlackwellJN et al.

Radionuclide transit studies in the detection of oesophageal dysmotility

Gut

(1983)

Cited by (32)

Planar scintigraphic imaging of the gastrointestinal tract in clinical practice
2012, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
In the last 30 years, nuclear medicine has paralleled other imaging fields with the development of 3-dimensional techniques, including single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. However, conventional nuclear medicine planar scintigraphy remains a common procedure at most imaging centers. Gastrointestinal studies constitute a significant portion of these planar procedures. The most common gastrointestinal studies, including hepatobiliary, gastric emptying, and gastrointestinal bleeding evaluations, resemble their original protocol. However, serial improvements have optimized the diagnostic efficacy of these procedures. Conventional Technetium-99m sulfur colloid liver/spleen imaging and hepatic blood pool imaging with labeled red blood cells now mainly serve an adjunctive role in the evaluation of equivocal findings on computed tomography. Salivary gland imaging is a less commonly requested evaluation, but can be used to evaluate functional capacity in some disease entities.
Selected Interventions in Nuclear Medicine: Gastrointestinal Motor Functions
2009, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Citation Excerpt :
Indications for esophageal scintigraphy are as follows: Patients who cannot tolerate manometry or who have equivocal manometry results.17 Repeat measurements after an intervention or therapy
The measurement of gastrointestinal functions by the use of scintigraphy is established in clinical practice and research. The most commonly used test is the gastric-emptying test, which is acknowledged as the gold standard to measure gastric motility and is conducted according to a consensus statement from the national nuclear medicine and motility societies. Other techniques are somewhat more esoteric (eg, measurement of gastric accommodation with single-photon emission computed tomography) or the scintigraphic approach is not the acknowledged gold standard (eg, colonic transit, rectoanal angle, and emptying, esophageal transit). The performance characteristics of many of the scintigraphic measurements have been published and the pros and cons established in the literature. Pharmacologic interventions may also be used during scintigraphy to aid in diagnosis and treatment. Gastrointestinal scintigraphy is an integral and important component of the assessment of gastrointestinal function.
Pediatric Gastrointestinal Nuclear Medicine
2007, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Citation Excerpt :
Damage to the vagus nerve may occur during esophageal surgery, and consequently increase gastric emptying.42 Nonsurgical causes of rapid gastric emptying include Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, carcinoid syndrome, duodenal ulcer, and medications such as cisapride, metoclopramide, erythromycin and ondansetron.30 It was shown that the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection correlated with accelerated gastric emptying in forty-seven children with nonulcer dyspepsia.43
General localization of gastrointestinal bleeding through the use of labeled red blood cells may be performed in children, or ^99mTc-pertechnetate may be used if a Meckel’s diverticulum is suspected. As in adults, cholecystitis and biliary leak may be assessed in children via ^99mTc-IDA derivatives. Gastroesophageal reflux can be evaluated by oral consumption of the child’s usual diet labeled with ^99mTc sulfur colloid. For the scintigraphic determination of pulmonary aspiration, a relatively high concentration of tracer within a drop of liquid is placed beneath the child’s tongue followed by dynamic imaging of the respiratory tract. Colonic transit scintigraphy can aid in the identification and therapeutic decision-making in patients with functional fecal retention, the most common cause of chronic constipation in children. ¹⁸F-DOPA positron emission tomography is useful for classifying pancreatic involvement in infantile hyperinsulinism as focal or diffuse, thereby differentiating between patients who should receive curative focal pancreatic resection versus those who should receive medical management. Assessment of protein-losing enteropathy can be conducted scintigraphically and, compared with fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin collection, the scintigraphic method can detect esophageal and gastric protein loss. Also, scintigraphic quantification of protein loss can be performed without the requirement for fecal collection. Intestinal inflammation in children with inflammatory bowel disease can be evaluated using ^99mTc white blood cells. The scintigraphic method is safe, accurate, well-tolerated by children and complementary to endoscopy in most patients.
Gastrointestinal Scintigraphy
2007, Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology
Update on gastrointestinal scintigraphy
2006, Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Citation Excerpt :
Condensed images have the advantage of summarizing the data in a single image. However, proponents of the composite image acknowledge the importance of always reviewing the cine images as a movie.11 In addition to analyzing regional transit, the total counts remaining in the esophagus after multiple swallows should be obtained to quantify esophageal emptying.
Nuclear medicine offers a variety of studies for evaluating motility throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Gastric emptying remains the “gold standard” for studying gastric motor function, but its application in most centers remains limited to measuring only total gastric emptying in spite of data that show assessment of both fundal and antal function is of clinical value for evaluating patients with dyspepsia. Similarly, newer methods to study small bowel and colon transit have not gained widespread use. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of prior established and newer scintigraphic studies with an emphasis on their clinical applications.
Accurate placement of the esophageal pH electrode for 24-hour pH monitoring using a combined pH/manometry probe
2000, American Journal of Gastroenterology
Citation Excerpt :
However, there are controversies about tailoring of antireflux procedures, and, moreover, evaluation of esophageal peristalsis by standard manometry may not be accurate. It has been suggested that this should be done using 24-h ambulatory manometry (23, 24) or a scintigraphic methods (25, 26). In conclusion, 24-h pH monitoring using the combined pH/manometry probe provides a reliable evaluation of the LES, thus enabling accurate placement of the pH electrode.
OBJECTIVE:
Accurate placement of a pH electrode requires manometric localization of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Combined manometry/pH devices using water-perfused tubes attached to pH catheters and the use of an electronic “LES locator” have been reported. We investigated whether accurate placement of pH probes can be achieved using such a probe, and whether this may reduce the need for the performance of the usual stepwise pull-back manometry.
METHODS:
Thirty consecutive patients (15 men, 15 women; median age, 56 yr; interquartile range, 42–68 yr) referred for manometry and pH testing were included in the study. The localization of the LES was determined with standard esophageal manometry. After that, a second 3-mm pH electrode with an internal perfusion port was passed into the stomach. Using this catheter, a single stepwise pull-through manometry was performed and the LES position was noted. LES location, mean pressure, and length obtained with standard manometry were compared to data from the combined pH/manometry catheter. Additionally the time necessary to perform each of the procedures was noted and the patient’s discomfort caused by the catheter was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire.
RESULTS:
The LES location with the pH/manometry probe was proximal to that with standard manometry in 19 patients (63%), the same in nine patients (30%), and distal in two patients (7%). The differences were <2 cm in 29 of 30 (97%) patients. The LES location with the pH/manometry probe required a median of 6.5 min (interquartile range: 3.5–8.5 min) versus a median of 21.5 min (interquartile range: 14.5–26.5 min) for standard manometry (p < 0.0001). In addition, LES evaluation using the combined pH/manometry probe provided accurate data on the resting pressure, as well as overall and intraabdominal length of the LES. All patients tolerated the combination probe better than the standard manometry probe (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Placement of the esophageal electrode for 24-h esophageal pH monitoring using a combined pH/manometry probe is accurate. The technique is simple, time-saving, and convenient for the patients. Because it is possible to accurately evaluate the LES using this technique, it may even replace conventional manometry before pH probe placement.

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Esophageal transit scintigraphy

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Ann Thorac Surg

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

J Pediatr Surg

Improving esophageal transit scintigraphy

J Nucl Med

The use of esophageal function tests

Adv Intern Med

A new scintigraphic technique for the study of the esophagus

AJR

Esophageal transit scintigraphy

Radionuclide esophageal transit study in detection of esophageal motor dysfunction: Comparison with motility studies (manometry)

J Nucl Med

Computer analysis of radionuclide esophageal transit studies

J Nucl Med

Normal variation in radionuclide esophageal transit studies

Eur J Nucl Med

The bolus transport diagram: A functional display method applied to oesophageal studies

Clin Phys Physiol Meas

A parametric image technique for the assessment of oesophageal function

Nucl Med Commun

Applications of condensed dynamic images

Clin Nucl Med

Scintigraphic detection of metaclopramide esophageal stimulation in progressive systemic sclerosis

J Nucl Med

Quantitation of esophageal transit: A scintigraphic and manometric analysis

Gastroenterology

Quantitation of esophageal transit by means of 81mKr

Eur J Nucl Med

Oesophageal transit of a radionuclide solid bolus in normals

Clin Physiol

Value of radionuclide oesophageal transit in studies of functional dysphagia

Br J Radiol

Large bolus radionuclide esophageal transit may predict response to esophageal dilatation in achalasia

J Nucl Med

Radionuclide measurement of oesophageal transit in achalasia before and after treatment using small and large test volumes

Gastroenterology

Oesophageal transit of a radionuclide solid bolus in normals

Clin Physiol

Effect of viscosity on oropharyngeal and esophageal emptying in man

Dig Dis Sci

A multiple swallow test for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of esophageal motility disorders

J Nucl Med

The effect of projection in esophageal transit scintigraphy

Clin Nucl Med

Effect of time interval between swallows on esophageal peristalsis

Am J Physiol

Oesophageal transit patterns in healthy subjects

Nucl Med Commun

Oesophageal transit of liquid: Effects of single or multiple swallows

Nucl Med Commun

Esophageal transit scintigraphy—a cautionary note

J Can Assoc Radiol

Radionuclide esophageal transit in progressive systemic sclerosis

J Rheumatol

Reproducibility of oesophageal transit studies: Several single swallows' must be performed

Nucl Med Commun

Prolonged radionuclide transit in “nutcracker esophagus”

Dig Dis Sci

Radionuclide transit studies in the detection of oesophageal dysmotility

Gut

Quantitation of esophageal transit by means of ^81mKr