This article first presents two theories representing distinct approaches to the field of stress research: Selye's theory of ‘systemic stress’ based in physiology and psychobiology, and the ‘psychological stress’ model developed by Lazarus. In the second part, the concept of coping is described. Coping theories may be classified according to two independent parameters: trait-oriented versus state-oriented, and microanalytic versus macroanalytic approaches. The multitude of theoretical conceptions is based on the macroanalytic, trait-oriented approach. Examples of this approach that are presented in this article are ‘repression–sensitization,’ ‘monitoring-blunting,’ and the ‘model of coping modes.’ The article closes with a brief outline of future perspectives in stress and coping research.
