Slow potential correlates of preparatory set

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Abstract

A simple reaction time task was performed under the classical normal, sensory and motor ‘et’ instructions. Computer averaging of the EEG confirmed that slow potential changes during the foreperiod may be analysed into two components: an orienting response following the warning signal, and an expectancy wave anticipating the reaction signal. The orienting response was not affected by instructions, but the amplitude of the expectancy wave was proportional to changes in the level of preparatory set as inferred from reaction time. Interaction between this effect and the intensity of the reaction signal suggests that the expectancy wave reflects shifts of the criterion governing the intensity required to initiate a response. Some methods of investigating this possibility are suggested.

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