The gender gap in eating disorders: Why are the eating disorders more common among women?

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Abstract

We contend that the eating disorders of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are more common among women than men because more women are dieting to control their weight. Our contention is based on the finding that the eating disorders are most prevalent among the sector of the population that is most concerned about weight and shape. Evidence for the more intensive pressure on women to be slim is presented. Other contributory factors that serve to intensify women's struggle to control their weight and shape, such as adolescent turmoil, poor body concept, and role confusion, are also reviewed. Risk factors for the development of an eating disorder in an individual who is dieting are summarized, and directions for future research suggested.

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    Supported in part by NIMH grants MH39118 and MH43916.

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