Post-traumatic stress in sexually abused, physically abused, and nonabused children☆
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#Me2PT: A qualitative analysis of a social media network campaign to raise awareness of the consequences of childhood sexual abuse
2021, Child Abuse and NeglectCitation Excerpt :Childhood sexual abuse has been associated with significant negative short- and long-term consequences, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Cohen, Deblinger, Mannarino, & Steer, 2004; Widom, 1999), depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance abuse (Fergusson, John Horwood, & Lynskey, 1996; Kendler et al., 2000; Pérez-Fuentes et al., 2013; Putnam, 2003), dissociation (Gold, Hill, Swingle, & Elfant, 1999; Hansen, Brown, Tsatkin, Zelgowski, & Nightingale, 2012), poor physical health, eating disorders (Irish, Kobayashi, & Delahanty, 2010; Smolak & Murnen, 2002), sexual dysfunction and distress (Gewirtz-Meydan & Opuda, 2020; Pulverman, Kilimnik, & Meston, 2018), reduced satisfaction in romantic relationships (Lassri, Fonagy, Luyten, & Shahar, 2018), as well as somatization, and physical complaints and conditions (Ross, 2005). Research suggests that between 30 and 50% of sexually abused children meet the full criteria for a PTSD diagnosis (Deblinger, McLeer, Atkins, Ralphe, & Foa, 1989; Elklit & Christiansen, 2010; Widom, 1999) and that a much larger percentage experience at least some posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (Maikovich, Koenen, & Jaffee, 2009; McLeer, Deblinger, Atkins, Foa, & Ralphe, 1988; McLeer, Deblinger, Henry, & Orvschel, 1992). According to the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013), PTSD symptoms consist of intrusion (e.g., flashbacks, nightmares), avoidance (e.g., avoidance of trauma-related thoughts or feelings and reminders), changes in mood and cognition (e.g., overly negative thoughts and assumptions about oneself or the world, negative affect), and hyperarousal symptoms (e.g., irritability and aggression, difficulty sleeping).
Stress-elicited neural activity in young adults varies with childhood sexual abuse
2021, CortexCitation Excerpt :Therefore, it is possible that physical and sexual abuse may fall along different dimensions of deprivation and threat. Indeed, the results of the present investigation are in line with prior work that has found differences in the outcomes of childhood physical and sexual abuse (Archer et al., 2017; Brewerton, 2007; Deblinger et al., 1989; Fergusson et al., 2008; Johnson et al., 1999; Westermair et al., 2018; Yates et al., 2008). Specifically, the present study found that sexual abuse was associated with stress-elicited brain function (i.e., ventromedial PFC, dorsolateral PFC, and hippocampus activation) in young adulthood, but physical abuse was not.
Psychopathology among adult survivors of child pornography
2019, Child Abuse and NeglectChildhood maltreatment: Altered network centrality of cingulate, precuneus, temporal pole and insula
2014, Biological PsychiatryPost-Traumatic Symptomatology and Compulsions as Potential Mediators of the Relation between Child Sexual Abuse and Auditory Verbal Hallucinations
2018, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy
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Presented at the 21 st Annual Convention of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Boston, November 14,1987.