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Purified blood monocytes from HIV 1-infected patients induce high levels of TNFα and IL-1

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Abstract

The production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) was measured in supernatants of cultured peripheral blood monocytes that were obtained from patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) infection and that were purified by counterflow centrifugal elutriation (86–92% purity). TNFα levels were significantly higher in monocytes isolated from symptomatic HIV 1-infected patients as compared to normal controls. Although IL-1 levels were also elevated in this group of symptomatic patients they did not reach statistical significance. The production of the two monokines was intermediate in asymptomatic HIV 1-infected individuals. The increase of TNFα was observed in the absence of in vitro stimulation as well as in the presence of interferon-γ plus lipopolysaccharide. TNFα and IL-1 were measured by radioimmunoassay and by bioassay, the results of the two methods being highly correlated for both cytokines. The levels of TNFα and IL-1 were also positively correlated. These data suggest that IL-1 and TNFα may be involved in the pathogenesis of HIV 1 infection.

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