Elevation of plasma tyrosine after a single oral dose of L-tyrosine☆
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Cited by (55)
Effects of L-Tyrosine on working memory and inhibitory control are determined by DRD2 genotypes: A randomized controlled trial
2016, CortexCitation Excerpt :Then, they were asked to practice for 20 min the N-back and the stop-signal task. One hour following the administration of TYR (corresponding to the beginning of the 1 h-peak of the plasma concentration; Glaeser, Melamed, Growdon, & Wurtman, 1979) or placebo, participants were asked to perform a color vision test unrelated to the purposes of the present study (data not reported here) and immediately after the N-back (30 min) and the stop-signal task (30 min) measuring WM updating and response inhibition, respectively. Because of technical problems, two participants (T/T homozygotes) did not perform the N-back task and two participants (one T/T homozygotes and one C/T heterozygotes) did not perform the stop-signal task.
Effect of tyrosine supplementation on clinical and healthy populations under stress or cognitive demands-A review
2015, Journal of Psychiatric ResearchCitation Excerpt :As we will argue, the nature of this mechanism might play a crucial role in determining whether and to what extent supplementation can benefit performance. Plasma TYR levels peak between 1 and 2 h after consumption and can remain significantly elevated up to 8 h (Glaeser et al., 1979). Correspondingly, in rats it was shown prefrontal DA increased 1 h after TYR administration, but not earlier (Tam et al., 1990).
Tyrosine promotes cognitive flexibility: Evidence from proactive vs. reactive control during task switching performance
2015, NeuropsychologiaCitation Excerpt :TYR is the biochemical precursor of norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA), which are neurotransmitters of the catecholinergic system. Early research has shown that TYR supplementation, or a TYR-rich diet, increases plasma TYR levels in the blood (Glaeser et al., 1979) and enhances DA and NE release in the brain of rats (Sved and Fernstrom, 1981; Gibson et al., 1983; Acworth et al., 1988) and humans (Growdon et al., 1982; Wurtman, 1992; Deijen, 2005, for a review). Once the optimal level of DA is reached, TYR is no longer transformed to DA because tyrosine hydroxylase, the enzyme that converts TYR into DA, is inhibited (Udenfriend, 1966; Weiner et al., 1977).
Eating to stop: Tyrosine supplementation enhances inhibitory control but not response execution
2014, NeuropsychologiaCitation Excerpt :Upon arrival, they were asked to rate their mood and HR, SBP and DPB were collected. One hour following the administration of tyrosine (corresponding to the beginning of the 1 h-peak of the plasma concentration; Glaeser, Melamed, Growdon, & Wurtman, 1979) or placebo, participants rated again their mood before having HR, SBP and DBP measured for the second time. Next, participants were presented with the stop-signal task (Logan & Cowan, 1984).
Tyrosine supplementation mitigates working memory decrements during cold exposure
2007, Physiology and BehaviorCitation Excerpt :The dose of tyrosine used in the present study was 150 mg/kg prior to each immersion, totaling 300 mg/kg a session. This dose is considerably higher than those used in previous work in which doses of 100 or 150 mg/kg have been used [16,26]. Given the repetitive immersion paradigm used in the present study to maximize the level of stress produced, supplementing with multiple doses of tyrosine prior to each exposure was appropriate.
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These studies were supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (AM-14228) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NGR-22-009-627). Dr. Melamed is an NIH- Fogarty International Fellow (FO5 TW 02579-01). Dr. Growdon is the George Cotzias Fellow of the American Parkinson's Disease Association.