Research paperBody fat distribution in relation to serum lipids and blood pressure in 38-year-old European men: the European fat distribution study
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2020, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Upper-body/visceral obesity increases the risk for dyslipidemia,1 hypertension,2,3 and type 2 diabetes,4,5 whereas relatively greater amounts of lower-body fat are independently associated with a lesser risk of insulin resistance and associated metabolic abnormalities.6
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2015, Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologyCitation Excerpt :Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 32 gene variants influencing overall obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI), suggesting the key role of central regulation of overall adiposity (Speliotes et al., 2010; Thorleifsson et al., 2009; Willer et al., 2009). However, numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that central obesity, measured by waist circumference or waist–hip ratio (WHR), has strong relationships to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, independent of overall adiposity (Carey et al., 1997; Cassano et al., 1990; Seidell et al., 1991; Shuster et al., 2012). In the past 5 years, GWAS studies, including up to ~77,000 individuals, have identified genetic variants in 19 loci to be associated with measures of body composition (Chambers et al., 2008; Heid et al., 2010; Lindgren et al., 2009), the vast majority associating with BMI-adjusted WHR (Heid et al., 2010).
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2008, American Journal of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :In a prospective study of Mexican Americans, Haffner et al25 reported that subjects with the highest baseline plasma glucose and insulin were most likely to develop type 2 diabetes independently of differences in age, BMI, or central obesity. It was also shown in studies of several ethnic groups that BMI was more strongly associated with blood pressure than abdominal obesity,26–28 and the clustering of dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, diabetes, and hypertension described in both whites and African Americans was most strongly related to insulin concentration, although the magnitude decreased when adjusted for differences in BMI and abdominal obesity.29 Thus, there is considerable evidence that overall obesity, estimated using BMI, was not only associated with insulin resistance, but also increased the likelihood that a person would develop the clinical syndromes associated with the defect in insulin action.
Comparison of Body Mass Index Versus Waist Circumference With the Metabolic Changes That Increase the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Insulin-Resistant Individuals
2006, American Journal of CardiologyCitation Excerpt :In addition, a prospective study in a predominantly white population concluded that “overall and abdominal adiposity strongly and independently predict risk of type 2 diabetes.”24 The results of studies in several ethnic groups have shown that BMI is more strongly associated with blood pressure than abdominal obesity,25–27 and a similar conclusion was reached concerning the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese men.28 The clustering of dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, diabetes, and hypertension described in whites and African-Americans was most strongly related to the insulin concentration, although the magnitude decreased when adjusted for differences in BMI and abdominal obesity.29
Role of body fat distribution and the metabolic complications of obesity
2008, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism