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Early Vocal Development in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rett Syndrome, and Fragile X Syndrome: Insights from Studies Using Retrospective Video Analysis

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of studies assessing the early vocalisations of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome (RTT), and fragile X syndrome (FXS) using retrospective video analysis (RVA) during the first 2 years of life. Electronic databases were systematically searched and a total of 23 studies were selected. These studies were then categorised according to whether children were later diagnosed with ASD (13 studies), RTT (8 studies), or FXS (2 studies) and then described in terms of (a) participant characteristics, (b) control group characteristics, (c) video footage, (d) behaviours analysed, and (e) main findings. This overview supports the use of RVA in analysing the early development of vocalisations in children later diagnosed with ASD, RTT, or FXS and provides an in-depth analysis of vocalisation presentation, complex vocalisation production, and the rate and/or frequency of vocalisation production across the three disorders. Implications are discussed in terms of extending crude vocal analyses to more precise methods that might provide more powerful means by which to discriminate between disorders during early development. A greater understanding of the early manifestation of these disorders may then lead to improvements in earlier detection.

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Acknowledgements

This overview was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; P25241 and TCS 24), the Austrian National Bank (OeNB; 16430), the Brain, Ears & Eyes – Pattern Recognition Initiative (BEE-PRI; BioTechMed-Graz), and LR was supported by the Ernst Mach grant (OeAD).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Education, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

    Laura Roche & Hannah Waddington

  2. iDN – Interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Dajie Zhang, Katrin D. Bartl-Pokorny, Florian B. Pokorny, Christa Einspieler & Peter B. Marschik

  3. Machine Intelligence & Signal Processing group, MMK, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Florian B. Pokorny

  4. Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany

    Björn W. Schuller

  5. GLAM – Group on Language, Audio & Music, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Björn W. Schuller

  6. Social & Affective Neuroscience Lab, Division of Psychology – HSS, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

    Gianluca Esposito

  7. Affiliative Behaviour and Physiology Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

    Gianluca Esposito

  8. Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Sven Bölte & Peter B. Marschik

  9. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Psychiatry Research, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden

    Sven Bölte

  10. Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Herbert Roeyers

  11. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Luise Poustka

  12. Department of Phoniatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Markus Gugatschka

  13. Department of Linguistics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Ralf Vollmann

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  1. Laura Roche
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Contributions

LR was the primary author of the manuscript; she implemented the original literature search, and collated and analysed the data from all of the included studies. DZ provided edits and insight into the formation of the draft and final manuscript. KBP and FP provided edits on the draft of manuscript and reliability checks on all of the included articles. BWS provided expertise in the field of early vocalisation analysis and speech processing as well as edits on the draft of manuscript. GE provided expertise on early vocal development in autism spectrum disorders and edits on the manuscript draft. SB provided edits on the definitions, diagnoses, and features of the included neurodevelopmental disorders. HR provided expertise on neurodevelopmental disorders in general and edits on the draft of manuscript. LP provided expertise in the field of autism spectrum disorders and final edits on the manuscript. MG provided expertise from a phoniatric point of view and edits on the draft of manuscript, and HW conducted reliability checks on features of chosen articles for inclusion. RV provided expertise from a linguistic point of view and edits on the draft. CE provided expertise in the field of Rett syndrome and edits on the draft manuscript, and PBM provided insight into the formation of the draft and edits on the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Laura Roche.

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Roche, L., Zhang, D., Bartl-Pokorny, K.D. et al. Early Vocal Development in Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rett Syndrome, and Fragile X Syndrome: Insights from Studies Using Retrospective Video Analysis. Adv Neurodev Disord 2, 49–61 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-017-0051-3

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