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Social Risk Factors of Institutionalized Juvenile Offenders: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

While researchers have investigated the various characteristics of juvenile offenders and the influence of risk factors for delinquency, to date, no such comprehensive review exists to present social risk factors for institutionalized juvenile offenders within and across the social domains of school and community, family, and peers. A systematic research review from 1979 through 2018 yielded 51 studies concerning institutionalized juvenile offenders’ social risk factors that relate to school policies and community disadvantage, parenting and family involvement, and peer influences and group membership. Twelve studies included two social risk factor domains and no studies included all three domains. With the likelihood of juvenile offending and subsequent institutionalization increasing as the number of risk factors and risk factor domains increase, future research should examine the independent effects of a multifaceted intervention aimed to mitigate multidomain risk associated with juvenile offending. As effective interventions for juvenile offenders should target multiple social domains, guidance for interventions that reflect the interrelatedness of risk factors to most efficiently and effectively serve youth in the various environments in which youth engage in and the people with whom youth regularly interact are discussed.

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Funding

This research was supported in part by Grant Nos. R324A100022 and R324B080008 from the Institute of Education Sciences. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Institute of Education Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Teacher Education and Leadership, Utah State University, 2805 Old Main Hill, EDUC 392, Logan, UT, 84322, USA

    Nicole Pyle

  2. Educational Consultant, New York, USA

    Andrea Flower

  3. Education Northwest, 101 SW Main, Ste. 500, Portland, OR, 97204-3213, USA

    Jacob Williams

  4. The Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk, College of Education SZB 228, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway D4900, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Anna Mari Fall

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  1. Nicole Pyle
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  2. Andrea Flower
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  3. Jacob Williams
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  4. Anna Mari Fall
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Contributions

All authors participated in the initial discussions of the review purpose, rationale, and manuscript organization. All authors searched the literature, coded articles, and wrote the findings of the articles organized by domains. NP and AF wrote the majority of the manuscript. NP and AF updated the search and coded the most recently published articles. NP incorporated the recently reviewed findings within the original manuscript and table. NP led the revisions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nicole Pyle.

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Pyle, N., Flower, A., Williams, J. et al. Social Risk Factors of Institutionalized Juvenile Offenders: A Systematic Review. Adolescent Res Rev 5, 173–186 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-019-00120-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-019-00120-2

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