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Sarcopenia and hospital-related outcomes in the old people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Aim

This systematic review was conducted to explore the associations between sarcopenia, hospitalization and length of stay in the old people.

Methods

Pubmed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails from January 2009 to October 2017 were searched in this review. We included prospective studies, which had the clear definition of sarcopenia and reported the hospitalization or length of stay as one of outcomes. Adjusted Odd ratios (aORs), hazard ratios (aHRs) or relative risks (aRRs) extracted from the studies were combined to synthesize pooled effect measures. Heterogeneity, and methodological quality were assessed using I² statistic and Newcastle–Ottawa scale, respectively.

Results

Nine studies were included in this review. Of these, 8 studies with 4174 individuals reported results for hospitalization, 3 studies involving 6276 old people in the community reported results for length of stay. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with future hospitalization (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.04–1.89, p = 0.029; data from 8 studies). A subgroup analysis showed the associations between sarcopenia and readmission in hospitalized old patients that were statistically significant (RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.01–3.03, p = 0.044; data from 8 studies). However, this association were not found in the community-dwelling older subjects (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.74–1.57, p = 0.688; data from 8 studies), uncertain in nursing home residents. The association of sarcopenia and length of stay was not statistically significant (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.90–1.63, p = 0.20; data from 8 studies) in community-dwelling residents.

Conclusions

This systematic review demonstrates that sarcopenia is a significant predictor of readmission in old inpatients, but not associated with hospitalization or length of stay in community-dwelling old adults.

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Funding

The authors declare that they have received no funding for the study

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Yunli Zhao, Qiukui Hao, Meiling Ge & Birong Dong

  2. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Yunli Zhao, Yunxia Zhang, Qiukui Hao, Meiling Ge & Birong Dong

  3. The Center of Coordination and Innovation for Aging Care and Health Promotion of Sichuan, Chengdu Medical School, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China

    Yunxia Zhang

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  1. Yunli Zhao
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Contributions

YL formulated the research question, designed the study and screened the articles, collected the data, and drafted the manuscript. YX designed the study and screened the articles. QK collected the data. ML analyzed the data.BD assisted with formulating the research question and supervising the quality of the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Birong Dong.

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For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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This type of study is based on aggregated data of already published studies. Informed consent can not be obtained from patients.

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Zhao, Y., Zhang, Y., Hao, Q. et al. Sarcopenia and hospital-related outcomes in the old people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 31, 5–14 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-0931-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-018-0931-z

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