Top

Gepubliceerd in:

01-06-2013 | ORIGINAL PAPER

A Pilot Study of a Mindfulness Intervention for Individuals with Williams Syndrome: Physiological Outcomes

Auteurs: Nancy Miodrag, Miriam D. Lense, Elisabeth M. Dykens

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 2/2013

Abstract

Mindfulness-based interventions have received little attention in the world of intellectual and developmental disabilities. No studies have assessed the role of mindfulness practice in relation to Williams syndrome (WS)—a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with high rates of anxiety, and attentional and social difficulties. Our aim was to demonstrate the feasibility of a mindfulness intervention for adults with Williams syndrome. We examined the physiological [salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (sAA)] responses following a brief, 5-day mindfulness intervention in 24 individuals with WS. We also evaluated how their psychological (self-reported anxiety) and behavioral (parent/caregiver reports of somatic complaints and attention problems) states related to these physiological outcomes. As a group, cortisol levels decreased each day following mindfulness sessions. Both cortisol and self-rated anxiety levels followed the same pattern across mindfulness sessions, with ratings declining in response to each session. sAA levels during sessions 1 and 2 were significantly higher than during sessions 4 and 5. Greater somatic problems significantly predicted higher cortisol levels during the mindfulness intervention, while greater CBCL Attention Problems significantly predicted lower sAA levels during the intervention. Our findings underscore the utility of mindfulness practice as a tool to reduce stress-related symptoms in persons with WS.

vorige artikel Evaluation of an Occupational Mindfulness Program for Staff Employed in the Disability Sector in Australia

volgende artikel A Mindfulness-Based Smoking Cessation Program for Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disability

Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & Families.

Borrelli, B., Sepinwall, D., Ernst, D., Bellg, A. J., Czajkowski, S., Breger, R., et al. (2005). A new tool to assess treatment fidelity and evaluation of treatment fidelity across 10 years of health behavior research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(5), 852–860.PubMedCrossRef

Bosch, J. A., de Geus, E. J. C., Carroll, D., Goedhart, A. D., Anane, L. A., van Zanten, J. J., et al. (2009). A general enhancement of autonomic and cortisol responses during social evaluative threat. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71(8), 877–885.PubMedCrossRef

Brown, K. W., Weinstein, N., & Creswell, J. D. (2012). Trait mindfulness modulates neuroendocrine and affective responses to social evaluative threat. Psychoneuroendocrinology, doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.04.003.

Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Patel, K. D., & Goodey, E. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in relation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress, and immune parameters in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 571–581.PubMedCrossRef

Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Patel, K. D., & Goodey, E. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in relation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress, and levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and melatonin in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 29, 448–474.PubMedCrossRef

Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Faris, P., & Patel, K. D. (2007). One year pre-post intervention follow-up of psychological, immune, endocrine and blood pressure outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Brain, Behavior, and Immunology, 21, 1038–1049.CrossRef

Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2009). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for stress management in healthy people: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15, 593–600.CrossRef

Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., et al. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 564–570.PubMedCrossRef

Davies, M., Udwin, O., & Howlin, P. (1998). Adults with Williams syndrome. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, 273–276.PubMedCrossRef

Dierckx, B., Dieleman, G., Tulem, J. H. M., Treffers, P. D. A., Utens, E. M. W. J., Verhulst, F. C., et al. (2012). Persistence of anxiety disorders and concomitant changes in cortisol. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 635–641.PubMedCrossRef

Dodd, H. F., & Porter, M. A. (2009). Psychopathology in Williams Syndrome: The effect of individual differences across the life span. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2, 89–109.CrossRef

Duncan, L. G., Moskowitz, J. T., Neilands, T. B., Dilworth, S. E., Hecht, F. M., & Johnson, M. O. (2012). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for HIV treatment side effects: A randomized, wait-list controlled trial. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 43(2), 161–171.PubMedCrossRef

Dykens, E. M. (2000). Psychopathology in children with intellectual disability. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 407–417.PubMedCrossRef

Dykens, E. M. (2003). Anxiety, fears, and phobias in persons with Williams syndrome. Developmental Neuropsychology, 23, 291–316.PubMed

Dykens, E. M., & Rosner, B. A. (2006). Psychopathology in persons with Williams syndrome. In C. A. Morris, P. P. Wang, & H. M. Lenhoff (Eds.), Williams–Beuren syndrome (pp. 274–293). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Elison, S., Stinton, C., & Howlin, P. (2010). Health and social outcomes in adults with Williams syndrome: Findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(2), 587–599.PubMedCrossRef

Ewart, A. K., Norris, C. A., Atkinson, D., Jin, W., Sternes, K., Spallone, P., et al. (1993). Hemizygosity at the elastin locus in a developmental disorder, Williams syndrome. Nature Genetics, 5, 11–16.PubMedCrossRef

Fletcher, R., Loschen, E., Stavrakaki, C., & First, M. (Eds.). (2007). Diagnostic manual–intellectual disability: A clinical guide for diagnosis of mental disorders in persons with intellectual disability. Kingston: NADD.

Fox, J. P. (2009). The role of self-awareness and communication in issues of health and aging. In T. W. Miller (Ed.), Handbook of stressful transitions across the lifespan (pp. 389–408). New York: Springer.

Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits—a meta-analysis. Journal of Pyschosomatic Research, 57, 35–43.CrossRef

Grossman, P., Tiefenthaler-Gilmer, U., Raysz, A., & Kesper, U. (2007). Mindfulness training as an intervention for fibromyalgia: Evidence of post intervention and 3-year follow-up benefits in well-being. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76(4), 226–233.PubMedCrossRef

Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Thielke, R., Payne, J., Gonzalez, N., & Conde, J. G. (2009). Research electronic data capture (REDCap) – A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42(2), 377–381.PubMedCrossRef

Hastings, P. D., Fortier, I., Utendale, W. T., Simard, L. R., & Robaey, P. (2009). Adrenocortical functioning in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Examining subtypes of ADHD and associated comorbid conditions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37, 565–578.PubMedCrossRef

Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 169–183.PubMedCrossRef

Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Evans, K. C., Hoge, E. A., Dusek, J. A., Morgan, L., et al. (2010). Stress reduction correlates with structural changes in the amygdala. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5, 11–17.PubMedCrossRef

Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Vangel, M., Congleton, C., Yerramsetti, S. M., Gard, T., et al. (2011). Mindfulness practice leads to increases in regional brain gray matter density. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 191, 36–43.PubMedCrossRef

Howlin, P., Elison, S., Udwin, O., & Stinton, C. (2010). Cognitive, linguistic, and adaptive functioning in Williams syndrome: Trajectories from early to middle adulthood. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 322–336.CrossRef

Jevning, R., Wilson, A. F., & Davidson, J. M. (1978). Adrenocortical activity during meditation. Hormones and Behavior, 10, 54–60.PubMedCrossRef

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144–156.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Dell.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are: mindfulness meditation in everyday life. New York: Hyperion.

Kabat-Zinn, J., Wheeler, E., Light, T., Skillings, A., Scharf, M. J., Cropley, T. G., et al. (1998). Influence of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention on rates of skin clearing in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis undergoing phototherapy (UVB) and photochemotherapy (PUVA). Psychosomatic Medicine, 60, 625–632.PubMed

Kaufman, A. S., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Kaufman brief intelligence test manual (2nd ed.). Circle Pines: American Guidance Service.

Kirschbaum, C., Wüst, S., Faig, H.-G., & Hellhammer, D. H. (1992). Heritability of cortisol responses to h-CRH, ergometry, and psychological stress in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 75, 1526–1530.PubMedCrossRef

Klainin-Yobas, P., Cho, M. A. A., & Creedy, D. (2012). Efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions on depressive symptoms among people with mental disorders: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49, 109–121.PubMedCrossRef

Klatt, M. D., Buckworth, J., & Malarkey, W. B. (2009). Effects of low-dose mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR-ld) on working adults. Health Education & Behavior, 36(3), 601–614.CrossRef

Lengacher, C. A., Kip, K. E., Barta, M. K., Post-White, J., Jacobsen, P., Groer, M., et al. (2012). A pilot study evaluating the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological status, physical status, salivary cortisol, and interleukin-6 among advanced-stage cancer patients and their caregivers. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 30, 170–185.

Lense, M. D., Tomarken, A. J., & Dykens, E. M. (in press). Diurnal cortisol profile in Williams syndrome in novel and familiar settings. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Lopata, C., Volker, M. A., Putnam, S. K., Thomeer, M. L., & Nida, R. E. (2008). Effects of social familiarity on salivary cortisol and self-reports of social anxiety and stress in children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1866–1877.PubMedCrossRef

MacLean, C. R. K., Walton, K. G., Wenneberg, S. R., Levitsky, D. K., Mandarino, J. P., Waziri, R., et al. (1997). Effects of the transcendental meditation program on adaptive mechanisms: Changes in hormone levels and responses to stress after 4 months of practice. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 22(4), 277–295.PubMedCrossRef

Mantella, R. C., Butters, M. A., Amico, J. A., Mazumdar, S., Rollman, B. L., Begley, A. E., et al. (2008). Salivary cortisol is associated with diagnosis and severity of late-life generalized anxiety disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 33, 773–781.PubMedCrossRef

Marcus, M. T., Fine, P. M., Moeller, F. G., Khan, M. M., Pitts, K., Swank, P. R., et al. (2003). Change in stress levels following mindfulness-based stress reduction in a therapeutic community. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 2, 63–68.

Martens, M. A., Wilson, S. J., & Reutens, D. C. (2008). Research review: Williams syndrome: a critical review of the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical phenotype. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(6), 576–708.PubMedCrossRef

Martens, M. A., Seyfer, D. L., Andridge, R. R., Foster, J. E. A., Chowdhury, M., McClure, K., et al. (2012). Parent report of antidepressant anxiolytic, and antipsychotic medication use in individuals with Williams syndrome: Effectiveness and adverse effects. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 2106–2121.PubMedCrossRef

Matousek, R. H., Dobkin, P. L., & Pruessner, J. (2010). Cortisol as a marker for improvement in mindfulness-based stress reduction. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 16, 13–19.PubMedCrossRef

Miles, J., & Shevlin, M. (2001). Applying regression and correlation: a guide for students and researchers. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Miller, J. J., Fletcher, K., & Kabat-Zinn, J. (1995). Three-year follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders. General Hospital Psychiatry, 17, 192–200.PubMedCrossRef

Morris, C. A. (2010). The behavioral phenotype of Williams syndrome: A recognizable pattern of neurodevelopment. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics, 154C, 427–431.PubMedCrossRef

Moyer, C. A., Donnelly, P. W., Anderson, J. C., Valek, K. C., Huckaby, S. J., Wiederholt, D. A., et al. (2011). Frontal electroencephalographic asymmetry associated with positive emotion is produced by a very brief meditation training. Psychological Science, Short Report, 22, 1277–1279.CrossRef

Nater, U. M., & Rohleder, N. (2009). Salivary alpha-amylase as a non-invasive biomarker for the sympathetic nervous system: Current state of research. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34, 486–496.PubMedCrossRef

Pérez-García, D., Granero, R., Gallastegui, F., Pérez-Jurado, L. A., & Brun-Gasca, C. (2011). Behavioral features of Williams Beuren syndrome compared to Fragile X syndrome and subjects with intellectual disability without defined etiology. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 634–652.CrossRef

Prince, J. (2008). Catecholamine dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An update. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 28(3 Suppl 2), S39–S45.PubMedCrossRef

Rhodes, S. M., Riby, D. M., Matthews, K., & Coghill, D. R. (2011). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Williams syndrome: shared behavioral and neuropsychological profiles. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 33(1), 147–156.PubMedCrossRef

Rohleder, N., & Nater, U. M. (2009). Determinants of salivary alpha-amylase in humans and methodological considerations. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 34(4), 469–485.PubMedCrossRef

Rohleder, N., Nater, U. M., Wolf, J., Ehlert, U., & Kirschbaum, C. (2004). Psychosocial stress-induced activation of salivary alpha-amylase. An indicator of sympathetic activity? Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1032, 258–263.PubMedCrossRef

Rosmalen, J. G. M., Oldenhinkel, A. J., Ormel, J., de Winter, A. F., Buitelaar, J. K., & Verhulst, F. C. (2005). Determinants of salivary cortisol levels in 10-12 year old children; a population based study of individual differences. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30, 483–495.PubMedCrossRef

Singer, J. D., & Willett, J. B. (2003). Applied longitudinal data analysis: Methods for studying change and event occurrence. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRef

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S., Adkins, A. S., Wahler, R. G., Sabaawi, M., et al. (2007). Individuals with mental illness can control their aggressive behavior through mindfulness training. Behavior Modification, 31, 313–328.PubMedCrossRef

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Singh, A. N., Winton, A. S., Singh, J., McAleavey, K. M., Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Singh, A. N., Winton, A. S., Singh, J., McAleavey, K. M., et al. (2008). A mindfulness-based health wellness program for an adolescent with Prader–`Willi syndrome. Behavior Modification, 32, 167–181.PubMedCrossRef

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Manikam, R., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, A. N. A., Singh, J., et al. (2011). A mindfulness-based strategy for self-management of aggressive behavior in adolescents with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 1153–1158.CrossRef

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, J., Singh, A. N. A., & Singh, A. D. A. (2011a). Peer with intellectual disabilities as a mindfulness-based anger and aggression management therapist. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 2690–2696.PubMedCrossRef

Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Singh, A. N., Singh, J., & Singh, A. D. (2011b). Effects of a mindfulness-based smoking cessation program for an adult with mild intellectual disability. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 1180–1185.PubMedCrossRef

Smeets, T., Cornelisse, S., Quaedflieg, C. W. E. M., Meyer, T., Jelicic, M., & Merckelback, H. (2012). Introducing the Maastricht acute stress test (MAST): A quick and non-invasive approach to elicit robust autonomic and glucocorticoid stress response. Psychoneuroendocrinology, doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.04.012

SPSS Inc. (2010). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. SPSS, Chicago.

Stinton, C., Tomlinson, K., & Estes, Z. (2012). Examining reports of mental health in adults with William syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 144–152.PubMedCrossRef

Strømme, P., Bjørnstad, P. G., & Ramstad, K. (2002). Prevalence estimation of Williams syndrome. Journal of Child Neurology, 17, 269–271.PubMedCrossRef

Takai, N., Yamaguchi, M., Aragaki, T., Eto, K., Uchihashi, K., & Nishikawa, Y. (2004). Effects of psychological stress on the salivary cortisol and amylase levels in healthy young adults. Archives of Oral Biology, 49, 963–968.PubMedCrossRef

Thornton-Wells, T. A., Avery, S. N., & Blackford, J. U. (2011). Using novel control groups to dissect the amygdala’s role in Williams syndrome. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 1, 295–304.PubMedCrossRef

Törnhage, C. J., & Alfvén, G. (2006). Diurnal salivary cortisol concentration in school-aged children: Increased morning cortisol concentration and total cortisol concentration negatively correlated to body mass index in children with recurrent abdominal pain of psychosomatic origin. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, 19(6), 843–854.

van Veen, J. F., van Vliet, I. M., DeRijk, R. H., van Pelt, J., Mertens, B., & Zitman, F. G. (2008). Elevated alpha-amylase but not cortisol in generalized social anxiety disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 33, 1313–1321.PubMedCrossRef

Vøllestad, J., Sivertsen, B., & Nielsen, G. H. (2011). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for patients with anxiety disorders: evaluation in a randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 281–288.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: A Pilot Study of a Mindfulness Intervention for Individuals with Williams Syndrome: Physiological Outcomes
Auteurs: Nancy Miodrag
Miriam D. Lense
Elisabeth M. Dykens
Publicatiedatum: 01-06-2013
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness / Uitgave 2/2013
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0178-2

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2013

Evaluation of an Occupational Mindfulness Program for Staff Employed in the Disability Sector in Australia

A Controlled Pilot Evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Training for Intellectual Disability Staff

Comparative Effects of Mindfulness and Skills-Based Parent Training Programs for Parents of Children with Autism: Feasibility and Preliminary Outcome Data

Mindfulness-Based Treatment of Aggression in Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disabilities: A Waiting List Control Study

Mindfully Valuing People Now: An Evaluation of Introduction to Mindfulness Workshops for People with Intellectual Disabilities

Mindfulness and Acceptance in Developmental Disabilities: Introduction to the Special Issue