Fig. 3
Example of echocardiographic data obtained from a responder to CRT. Apical four chamber view, colour Doppler, septal strain and pulsed-wave Doppler acquisition of a responder to CRT, before, and 6 and 12 months after implantation. Note the continuous decrease in LV volume, decrease in mitral regurgitation, improvement in septal strain and decrease in IVMD over time. These data suggest a continuous process of reverse remodelling. Septal strain: yellow, light blue and green lines represent basal, mid and apical inferoseptal segmental strain, respectively. The three curves represent the segments illustrated in baseline echocardiogram in the upper left panel. The white dashed curve represents the average septal strain. SRSsept is marked red, as all rebound stretch after initial shortening, during systole. IVMD is represented by PW-Doppler signals of the left and right ventricular outflow tract. EDV end-diastolic volume, ESV end-systolic volume, EF ejection fraction, ∆ESV change in ESV compared to baseline, SRS systolic rebound stretch, LVPEP left ventricular pre-ejection period, RVPEP right-ventricular pre-ejection period, IVMD inter-ventricular mechanical delay. Volumes are derived by biplane Simpson method.