Introduction
Methods
Study design
Treatment
Data and statistical analyses
Results
All patients after imputation | Patients with stable CAD | Patients with unstable CAD | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD |
N
b
| Mean | SD |
N
b
| Mean | SD |
N
b
|
p valuea
| |||
Baseline characteristics
| ||||||||||||
Age | 62.72 | 10 | 442 | 62.96 | 10 | 358 | 61.71 | 11 | 84 | 0.319 | ||
Male (%) | 72 % | 442 | 73 % | 358 | 68 % | 84 | 0.354 | |||||
SBP (mmHg) | 135 | 19 | 442 | 135 | 19 | 358 | 134 | 21 | 84 | 0.748 | ||
DBP (mmHg) | 77 | 11 | 442 | 77 | 11 | 358 | 79 | 11 | 84 | 0.273 | ||
BMI (kg/m
2) | 28 | 4 | 442 | 28 | 4 | 358 | 27 | 4 | 84 | 0.266 | ||
TIMI score
c
| ||||||||||||
1 | 8 % | 83 | 8 % | 83 | ||||||||
2 | 18 % | 83 | 18 % | 83 | ||||||||
3 | 30 % | 83 | 30 % | 83 | ||||||||
4 | 28 % | 83 | 28 % | 83 | ||||||||
5 | 12 % | 83 | 12 % | 83 | ||||||||
6 + 7 | 4 % | 83 | 4 % | 83 | ||||||||
Number of diseased vessels (50–99 %) | 0.077 | |||||||||||
1 | 44 % | 442 | 46 % | 358 | 36 % | 84 | ||||||
> 1 | 56 % | 442 | 54 % | 358 | 64 % | 84 | ||||||
NYHA |
p
< 0.001
| |||||||||||
NYHA I | 73 % | 442 | 73 % | 358 | 76 % | 84 | ||||||
NYHA II | 18 % | 442 | 20 % | 358 | 7 % | 84 | ||||||
NYHA III | 6 % | 442 | 7 % | 358 | 4 % | 84 | ||||||
NYHA IV | 2 % | 442 | 0 % | 358 | 13 % | 84 | ||||||
Cardiac history (%)
| ||||||||||||
Previous heart failure | 2 % | 442 | 2 % | 358 | 1 % | 84 | 0.542 | |||||
Previous MI | 31 % | 442 | 33 % | 358 | 23 % | 84 | 0.066 | |||||
Previous PTCA | 33 % | 442 | 35 % | 358 | 26 % | 84 | 0.116 | |||||
Previous CABG | 7 % | 442 | 8 % | 358 | 5 % | 84 | 0.369 | |||||
Non-cardiac history (%)
| ||||||||||||
CVA/TIA | 8 % | 442 | 6 % | 358 | 14 % | 84 |
0.017
| |||||
Pulmonary disease | 11 % | 442 | 10 % | 358 | 14 % | 84 | 0.242 | |||||
Peripheral vessel disease | 13 % | 442 | 13 % | 358 | 14 % | 84 | 0.684 | |||||
Renal failure | 3 % | 442 | 4 % | 358 | 1 % | 84 | 0.25 | |||||
Risk factors (%)
| ||||||||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 21 % | 442 | 22 % | 358 | 20 % | 84 | 0.764 | |||||
Hypertension | 66 % | 442 | 67 % | 358 | 60 % | 84 | 0.189 | |||||
Hyperlipidaemia | 68 % | 442 | 70 % | 358 | 60 % | 84 | 0.057 | |||||
Current smokers | 19 % | 442 | 16 % | 358 | 32 % | 84 |
0.001
| |||||
Pack yearsd
| 19.7 | 18 | 442 | 19.2 | 18.1 | 358 | 21.9 | 22.1 | 84 | 0.302 | ||
Diagnosis (%)
| ||||||||||||
Stable angina | 81 % | 442 | ||||||||||
Unstable angina | 10 % | 442 | ||||||||||
NSTEMI | 9 % | 442 | ||||||||||
Treatment/stent choice
| 0.736 | |||||||||||
DES | 66 % | 442 | 66 % | 358 | 68 % | 84 | ||||||
BMS | 34 % | 442 | 34 % | 358 | 32 % | 84 | ||||||
Hospital
| ||||||||||||
I | 29 % | 442 | 28 % | 358 | 37 % | 84 | ||||||
II | 22 % | 442 | 24 % | 358 | 13 % | 84 | ||||||
III | 18 % | 442 | 14 % | 358 | 37 % | 84 | ||||||
IV | 30 % | 442 | 34 % | 358 | 13 % | 84 |
All patients | Patients with stable CAD | Patients with unstable CAD | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DES (%)/ OR |
N
|
p value | DES (%)/ OR |
N
|
p value | DES (%)/ OR |
N
|
p value | |
Overall | 66 % | 442 | 66 % | 358 | 68 % | 84 | |||
Diagnosis | 0.558 | ||||||||
Stable CAD | 66 % | 358 | |||||||
Unstable angina | 63 % | 46 | |||||||
NSTEMI | 74 % | 38 | |||||||
Hospital |
p
< 0.001
|
p
< 0.001
|
p
< 0.001
| ||||||
1 | 50 % | 130 | 52 % | 99 | 45 % | 31 | |||
2 | 64 % | 98 | 66 % | 87 | 55 % | 11 | |||
3 | 99 % | 81 | 98 % | 50 | 100 % | 31 | |||
4 | 64 % | 133 | 65 % | 122 | 55 % | 11 | |||
Baseline characteristics
| |||||||||
Age (years) | 1.008 | 442 | 0.387 | 1.005 | 358 | 0.682 | 1.023 | 84 | 0.272 |
Gender | 0.474 | 0.46 | 0.872 | ||||||
Male | 67 % | 318 | 67 % | 261 | 68 % | 57 | |||
Female | 64 % | 124 | 63 % | 97 | 67 % | 27 | |||
SBP (mmHg) | 1.007 | 442 | 0.188 | 1.003 | 358 | 0.598 | 1.022 | 84 | 0.074 |
DBP (mmHg) | 0.998 | 442 | 0.815 | 0.997 | 358 | 0.767 | 1.001 | 84 | 0.968 |
BMI (kg/m
2) | 1.038 | 442 | 0.128 | 1.049 | 358 | 0.08 | 0.994 | 84 | 0.912 |
TIMI scorea
| 0.085 | 0.085 | |||||||
1 | 71 % | 7 | 71 % | 7 | |||||
2 | 80 % | 15 | 80 % | 15 | |||||
3 | 48 % | 25 | 48 % | 25 | |||||
4 | 83 % | 23 | 83 % | 23 | |||||
5 | 60 % | 10 | 60 % | 10 | |||||
6 + 7 | 100 % | 3 | 100 % | 3 | |||||
NYHA |
p
< 0.01
|
0.036
|
0.011
| ||||||
NYHA I | 62 % | 324 | 63 % | 260 | 59 % | 64 | |||
NYHA II | 71 % | 79 | 69 % | 73 | 100 % | 6 | |||
NYHA III & IV | 90 % | 39 | 88 % | 25 | 93 % | 14 | |||
Number of diseased vessels |
p
< 0.01
|
p
< 0.01
| 0.102 | ||||||
1 | 58 % | 196 | 58 % | 166 | 57 % | 30 | |||
> 1 | 73 % | 246 | 72 % | 192 | 74 % | 54 | |||
Cardiac history
| |||||||||
Previous heart failure | 0.981 | 0.836 | 0.489 | ||||||
Yes | 67 % | 9 | 63 % | 8 | 100 % | 1 | |||
No | 66 % | 433 | 66 % | 350 | 67 % | 83 | |||
Previous MI | 0.077 | 0.090 | 0.536 | ||||||
Yes | 72 % | 137 | 72 % | 118 | 74 % | 19 | |||
No | 64 % | 305 | 63 % | 240 | 66 % | 65 | |||
Previous PTCA |
p
< 0.01
|
p
< 0.01
| 0.271 | ||||||
Yes | 76 % | 148 | 76 % | 126 | 77 % | 22 | |||
No | 61 % | 294 | 60 % | 232 | 65 % | 62 | |||
Previous CABG | 0.541 | 0.736 | 0.433 | ||||||
Yes | 61 % | 31 | 63 % | 27 | 50 % | 4 | |||
No | 67 % | 411 | 66 % | 331 | 69 % | 80 | |||
Non-cardiac history
| |||||||||
CVA/TIA | 0.748 | 0.682 | 0.924 | ||||||
Yes | 69 % | 35 | 70 % | 23 | 67 % | 12 | |||
No | 66 % | 407 | 66 % | 335 | 68 % | 72 | |||
Pulmonary disease | 0.103 | 0.142 | 0.445 | ||||||
Yes | 56 % | 47 | 55 % | 35 | 58 % | 12 | |||
No | 68 % | 395 | 36 % | 323 | 69 % | 72 | |||
PVD | 0.086 | 0.124 | 0.445 | ||||||
Yes | 56 % | 57 | 56 % | 45 | 58 % | 12 | |||
No | 68 % | 385 | 67 % | 313 | 69 % | 72 | |||
Renal failure | 0.059 | 0.126 | 0.144 | ||||||
Yes | 43 % | 14 | 46 % | 13 | 0 % | 1 | |||
No | 67 % | 428 | 67 % | 345 | 69 % | 83 | |||
Risk factors
| |||||||||
Diabetes mellitus |
p
< 0.001
|
p
< 0.001
|
0.009
| ||||||
Yes | 93 % | 95 | 92 % | 78 | 94 % | 17 | |||
No | 59 % | 347 | 59 % | 280 | 61 % | 67 | |||
Hypertension | 0.306 | 0.498 | 0.324 | ||||||
Yes | 68 % | 290 | 67 % | 240 | 72 % | 50 | |||
No | 63 % | 152 | 63 % | 118 | 62 % | 34 | |||
Hyperlipidaemia | 0.943 | 0.427 | 0.144 | ||||||
Yes | 66 % | 302 | 65 % | 252 | 74 % | 50 | |||
No | 67 % | 140 | 69 % | 106 | 59 % | 34 | |||
Current smokers |
0.037
| 0.066 | 0.246 | ||||||
Yes | 57 % | 85 | 55 % | 58 | 59 % | 27 | |||
No | 69 % | 357 | 68 % | 300 | 72 % | 57 | |||
Pack yearsb
| 1.001 | 442 | 0.898 | 1.000 | 358 | 0.974 | 1.002 | 84 | 0.877 |
Bivariate analyses (OR) | Multivariate analyses (OR) |
p value* | |
Total population (
n = 442)
| |||
Number of diseased vessels
| |||
1 | 0.520 | 0.560 | 0.006 |
> 1 | Ref | ||
NYHA class
| |||
NYHA class I | Ref | ||
NYHA class II | 1.478 | ||
NYHA class III + IV | 5.311 | ||
Hospital
| |||
1 | 0.565 | ||
2 | 1.016 | ||
3 | 45.176 | ||
4 | Ref | ||
Diabetes (yes vs no) | 8.680 | 8.318 | p < 0.001 |
Renal artery disease (yes vs no) | 0.368 | ||
Current smoker (yes vs no) | 0.599 | ||
Previous MI (yes vs no) | 1.486 | ||
PVD (yes vs no) | 1.017 | ||
Previous PTCA (yes vs no) | 2.045 | ||
TIMI score
a
| |||
1 | Ref | ||
2 | 1.20 | ||
3 | 0.37 | ||
4 | 2.000 | ||
5 | 0.600 | ||
6 + 7 | 646189937 | ||
Constant
| 1.911 | p < 0.001 | |
Nagelkerke R2
| 16 % | ||
Stable CAD (n
= 358) |
Bivariate analyses (OR)
|
Multivariate analyses (OR)
|
p value* |
BMI (kg/m
2) | 1.049 | ||
Hospital
| |||
1 | 0.578 | 0.466 | 0.013 |
2 | 1.034 | 1.047 | 0.884 |
3 | 26.671 | 29.381 | 0.001 |
4 | Ref | Ref | |
Previous MI (yes vs no) | 1.513 | ||
NYHA class
| |||
NYHA class I | Ref | ||
NYHA class II | 1.280 | ||
NYHA class III + IV | 4.319 | ||
Number of diseased vessels
| |||
1 | 0.536 | ||
> 1 | Ref | ||
Current smoker (yes vs no) | 0.588 | 0.404 | 0.014 |
Diabetes (yes vs no) | 8.454 | 12.001 | p < 0.001 |
Previous PTCA (yes vs no) | 2.103 | 2.284 | 0.003 |
Constant | 1.207 | 0.397 | |
Nagelkerke R2
| 33 % | ||
Unstable CAD (n
= 84) |
Bivariate analyses (OR)
|
Multivariate analyses (OR)
|
p value* |
Hospital
| |||
1 | 0.686 | ||
2 | 1.000 | ||
3 | 1346229036 | ||
4 | Ref | ||
NYHA class
| |||
NYHA class I | Ref | ||
NYHA class II | 1105324892 | ||
NYHA class III + IV | 8.895 | ||
Diabetes (yes vs no) | 10.146 | 10.146 | 0.029 |
TIMI score
a
| |||
1 | Ref | ||
2 | 1.600 | ||
3 | 0.369 | ||
4 | 1.900 | ||
5 | 0.600 | ||
6 + 7 | 646189937 | ||
SBP (mmHg) | 1.007 | ||
Constant
| 1.577 | 0.069 | |
Nagelkerke R
2
| 13 % |