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Adverse Family Experiences, Child Mental Health, and Educational Outcomes for a National Sample of Students

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Abstract

Exposure to adversity in childhood, including domestic violence, parental mental illness, loss, and poverty, is a known risk factor for long-term physical and mental health problems. This secondary data analysis uses the National Survey of Children’s Health 2011/12 to examine the association between exposure to family adversity and academic outcomes, as mediated by child mental health. The analytic sample included 65,680 children between the ages of six and 17, representative of the US child population. Family adversity, as mediated by child mental health status, was negatively associated with school engagement and positively associated with being retained in grade and being on an Individualized Education Program. Male gender, family economic hardship, living in an unsafe neighborhood, and poor caregiver mental health were additional risk factors. Results suggest the need for improved mental health screening for students who exhibit internalizing and externalizing symptoms.

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Acknowledgments

This project is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under Grant Number 1R40MC268250100 “Co-morbid Physical and Mental Health Care Needs for Children and Youth at Risk for Obesity.” This information or content and conclusions are those of the author and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by HRSA, HHS or the US Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Education, Boston University, Two Silber Way, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Michelle V. Porche

  2. Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, 106 Central St., Cheever House, Wellesley, MA, 02481, USA

    Darcé M. Costello

  3. Institute for Community Inclusion, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA

    Myra Rosen-Reynoso

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Porche, M.V., Costello, D.M. & Rosen-Reynoso, M. Adverse Family Experiences, Child Mental Health, and Educational Outcomes for a National Sample of Students. School Mental Health 8, 44–60 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-016-9174-3

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