Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

From Clinic to School: Translating a Collaborative School-Home Behavioral Intervention for ADHD

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
School Mental Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In an attempt to address the gaps in evidence-based school services for ADHD, we adapted a research-supported clinic-based behavioral intervention for ADHD for delivery by school-based mental health professionals within an urban public school district. We applied a collaborative iterative development process in which we trained existing school-based mental health professionals, supervised their implementation of the intervention in successive schools, and collected data regarding fidelity, feasibility, and acceptability. These data were used to further refine and develop our intervention and training methods for subsequent iterations. Results provide preliminary evidence supporting the positive impact of this methodology on treatment development. Significant pre- to post-treatment improvement in ADHD symptoms, problem behaviors, social skills, and organizational skills support the effectiveness of this adapted treatment in improving student outcomes. These findings illustrate the utility of a collaborative model for translating empirically based clinic services for children to educational settings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abikoff, H., & Gallagher, R. (2009). COSS: Children’s organizational skills scale. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (Ed.). (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, L. E., Abikoff, H. B., Cantwell, D. P., Conners, C. K., Elliott, G., Greenhill, L., et al. (1997). National institute of mental health collaborative multimodel treatment study of children with ADHD (the MTA): Design challenges and choices. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54(865), 870.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkins, M. S., Graczyk, P. A., Frazier, S. L., & Adil, J. A. (2003). Toward a new model for promoting urban children’s mental health: Accessible, effective, and sustainable school-based mental health services. School Psychology Review, 32, 503–514.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brotman, L. M., Calzada, E., Huang, K. Y., Kingston, S., Dawson-McClure, S., Kamboukos, D., et al. (2011). Promoting effective parenting practices and preventing child behavior problems in school among ethnically diverse families from underserved, urban communities. Child Development, 82(1), 258–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • DiPerna, J. C., & Elliott, S. (2000). Academic competence evaluation scales. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • DuPaul, G. J., & Stoner, G. (2003). ADHD in the schools: Assessment and intervention strategies (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • DuPaul, G. J., & Weyandt, L. L. (2006). School-based interventions for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Enhancing academic and behavioral outcomes. Education and Treatment of Children, 29, 341–358.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, S. W., Langberg, J., Raggi, V., Allen, J., & Buvinger, E. C. (2005). Development of a school-based treatment program for middle school youth with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(1), 343–353.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, S. W., Timmins, B., Sibley, M., White, L. C., Serpell, Z. N., & Schultz, B. (2006). Developing coordinated, multimodal, school-based treatment for young adolescents with ADHD. Education and Treatment of Children, 29(2), 359–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabiano, G. A., Pelham, W. E., Coles, E. K., Gnagy, E. M., Chronis-Tuscano, A., & O’Connor, B. C. (2009). A meta-analysis of behavioral treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 29(2), 129–140.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fabiano, G. A., Pelham, W. E., Jr., Waschbusch, D. A., Gnagy, E. M., Lahey, B. B., Chronis, A. M., et al. (2006). A practical measure of impairment: Psychometric properties of the impairment rating scale in samples of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and two school-based samples. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35(3), 369–385.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabiano, G. A., Vujnovic, R. K., Pelham, W. E., Waschbusch, D. A., Massetti, G. M., Pariseau, M. E., et al. (2010). Enhancing the effectiveness of special education programming for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using a daily report card. School Psychology Review, 39(2), 219–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, R. M., & Epstein, M. H. (1993). Evaluation of homework problem checklist with students with behavior disorders. Spec Serv Schools, 1, 79–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forness, S., & Kavale, K. A. (2001). ADHD and a return to the medical model of special education. Education and Treatment of Children, 24(3), 224–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gadow, K. D., & Sprafkin, J. (1994). Child symptom inventories manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gadow, K. D., & Sprafkin, J. (1997). ADHD symptom checklist-4 manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greene, R. W., Beszterczey, S. K., Katzenstein, T., Park, K., & Goring, J. (2002). Are students with ADHD more stressful to teach? Patterns of teacher stress in an elementary school sample. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 10, 79–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N. (2008). Social skills improvement system (SSIS) rating scales manual. Minneapolis, MN: NCS Pearson, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herschell, A. D., Kolko, D. J., Baumann, B. L., & Davis, A. C. (2010). The role of therapist training in the implementation of psychosocial treatments: A review and critique with recommendations. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(4), 448–466.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinshaw, S. P. (2002). Preadolescent girls with attention-hyperactivity disorder: I. Background characteristics, comorbidity, cognitive and social functioning, and parenting practices. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 1086–1098.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinshaw, S. P., Owens, E., Sami, N., & Fargeon, S. (2006). Prospective follow-up of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into adolescence: Evidence for continuing cross-domain impairment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 489–499.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgens, J. B., Cole, J., & Boldizar, J. (2000). Peer-based differences among boys with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 443–452.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, C., & Mash, E. J. (2001). Families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations for future research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(3), 183–207.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Langberg, J. M., Epstein, J. N., Urbanowicz, C. M., Simon, J. O., & Graham, A. J. (2008). Efficacy of an organization skills intervention to improve the academic functioning of students with attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(3), 407–417.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, L. K., & Wolraich, M. L. (2007). ADHD service use patterns in youth. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(6), 695–710.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Massetti, G., Lahey, B. B., Pelham, W. E., Jr, Loney, J., Ehrhardt, A., Lee, S. S., et al. (2008). Academic achievement over eight years among children who met modified criteria for attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder at 4–6 years of age. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 399–410.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Molina, B. S., Smith, B. H., & Pelham, W. E., Jr. (2005). Development of a school-wide behavior program in a public middle school: An illustration of deployment-focused intervention development, stage 1. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(1), 333–342.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MTA Cooperative Group. (1999). A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for ADHD. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 1073–1086.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owens, J. S., Murphy, C. E., Richerson, L., Girio, E. L., & Himawan, L. K. (2008). Science to practice in underserved communities: The effectiveness of school mental health programming. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37(2), 434–447.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E., Jr, & Fabiano, G. A. (2008). Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37(1), 184–214.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E., Jr, Foster, M., & Robb, J. (2007). The economic impact of attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 711–727.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E., & Hoza, B. (1996). Intensive treatment: A summer treatment program for children with ADHD. In E. Hibbs & P. Jensen (Eds.), Psychosocial treatments for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically based strategies for clinical practice (pp. 311–340). New York: American Psychiatric Association Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pelham, W. E., Jr, Massetti, G. M., Wilson, T., Kipp, H., Myers, D., Standley, B. B., et al. (2005). Implementation of a comprehensive schoolwide behavioral intervention: The ABC program. Journal of Attention Disorders, 9(1), 248–260.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, L. J. (2008). More punishment or more rewards? In K. McBurnett & L. J. Pfiffner (Eds.), Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder: Concepts, controversies, new directions (pp. 291–300). New York: Informa Healthcare.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, L. J., Calzada, E., & McBurnett, K. (2000). Interventions to enhance social competence. In D. Stubbe (Ed.), Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics (pp. 689–709). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, L. J., & Kaiser, N. M. (2010). Behavioral parent training. In M. K. Dulcan (Ed.), Dulcan’s textbook of child and adolescent psychiatry (1st ed., pp. 845–868). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, L. J., & McBurnett, K. (1997). Social skills training with parent generalization: Treatment effects for children with attention deficit disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(5), 749–757.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, L. J., Yee Mikami, A., Huang-Pollock, C., Easterlin, B., Zalecki, C., & McBurnett, K. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of integrated home-school behavioral treatment for ADHD, predominantly inattentive type. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(8), 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rounsaville, B. J., Carroll, K. M., & Onken, L. S. (2001). A stage model of behavioral therapies research: Getting started and moving on from stage 1. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 8, 133–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sonuga-Barke, E. J. (2005). Causal models of attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder: From common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1231–1238.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisz, J. R., Jensen, A. L., & McLeod, B. D. (2005). Development and dissemination of child and adolescent psychotherapies: Milestones, methods, and a new deployment-focused model. In E. D. Hibbs & P. Jensen (Eds.), Psychosocial treatment for child and adolescent disorders: Empirically based strategies for clinical practice. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The research reported here was supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R324A080041 to University of California, San Francisco. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education. We are grateful to the participating Learning Support Professionals, administrators, teachers, and families in San Francisco Unified School District for their collaboration.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Linda J. Pfiffner.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pfiffner, L.J., Kaiser, N.M., Burner, C. et al. From Clinic to School: Translating a Collaborative School-Home Behavioral Intervention for ADHD. School Mental Health 3, 127–142 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-011-9059-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-011-9059-4

Keywords

Navigation