Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Legal Provisions, Educational Services and Health Care Across the Lifespan for Autism Spectrum Disorders in India

  • Review Article
  • Published:
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

India is estimated to have over 10 million persons with autism. Rising awareness of autism in India over last decade with ready access to information has led to an increase in prevalence and earlier diagnosis, the creation of services and some policy initiatives. However, there remains a gaping chasm between policy and implementation. The reach and quality of services continues sketchy and uneven, especially in the area of education. The present review discusses existing legal provisions for children and adults with autism in India. It also discusses Governmental efforts and lacunae in existing health care facilities and education services in India. While there are examples of good practice and stories of hope, strong policy initiatives have to support grassroots action to improve the condition of persons with autism in India.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Levy SE, Mandell DS, Schultz RT. Autism. Lancet Lond Engl. 2009;374:1627–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. American Psychiatric Association. Autism Spectrum Disorder. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association Publication; 2013. p. 50–9.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Christensen DL, Baio J, Braun KVN, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2012. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2016;65:1–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Census of India. 2011. Data on disability. disabilityinindia2011data.pdf [Internet]. Available at: http://www.disabilityaffairs.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/disabilityinindia2011data.pdf. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  5. PWD ACT [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://www.disabilityaffairs.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/PWD_Act.pdf. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  6. RCI | Objective [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://www.rehabcouncil.nic.in/forms/Sublink1.aspx?lid=798. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  7. Introduction: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MSJE) [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://thenationaltrust.gov.in/content/innerpage/introduction.php. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  8. Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities [Internet]. 2016 Available at: http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  9. PRS | Bill Track | The Right of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014 [Internet]. Available at: http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-right-of-persons-with-disabilities-bill-2014-3122. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  10. The Mental Health Act [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://wcdsc.ap.nic.in/documents/acts_dw/Mental_Health.pdf. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  11. Home: Office of the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities, Government of India [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://ccdisabilities.nic.in. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  12. National Policy for Persons with Disabilities 2006 | National Health Portal of India [Internet]. Available at: http://www.nhp.gov.in/national-policy-for-persons-with-disabilities-2006_pg. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  13. Autism Guidelines- Notification_compressed.pdf [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://www.disabilityaffairs.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/Autism%20Guidelines-%20Notification_compressed.pdf. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  14. Government of India announces plan to make education disabled-friendly by 2020 | UNICEF [Internet]. Available at: http://unicef.in/PressReleases/288/Government-of-India-announces-plan-to-make-education-disabledfriendly-by-2020. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  15. Portal Sarva Siksha Abhiyan [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://ssa.nic.in. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  16. Elementary Education | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://mhrd.gov.in/rte. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  17. Inclusive Education of the Disabled at Secondary Stage | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://mhrd.gov.in/iedss. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  18. Scholarship: Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://www.disabilityaffairs.gov.in/content/page/scholarship.php. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  19. Punarbhava - Disability India and International [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://punarbhava.in. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  20. LIC of India: Plans for Handicapped Dependents [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://thelicofindia.blogspot.com/p/plans-for-handicapped-dependents.html. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  21. Income Tax Department [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/_layouts/15/dit/pages/viewer.aspx?grp=act&cname=cmsid&cval=102120000000037028&opt=&isdlg=1. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  22. Reserve Bank of India - Notifications [Internet]. 2016. Available at: https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=8689&Mode=0. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  23. SoP for Screening of Passengers with Special Needs and Medical Conditions [Internet]. 2016. Available at: http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=104718. Accessed on 15 July 2016.

  24. Minhas A, Vajaratkar V, Divan G, et al. Parents’ perspectives on care of children with autistic spectrum disorder in South Asia – views from Pakistan and India. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2015;27:247–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Daley TC, Weisner T, Singhal N. Adults with autism in India: a mixed-method approach to make meaning of daily routines. Soc Sci Med. 2014;116:142–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Welcome to Specialisterne [Internet]. 2016. Specialisterne. Available at: http://specialisterne.com. Accessed on 16 July 2016.

  27. Krishnamurthy V. A clinical experience of autism in India. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29:331–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Daley TC. From symptom recognition to diagnosis: children with autism in urban India. Soc Sci Med. 2004;58:1323–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Contributions

MB prepared the initial draft of the manuscript. SK and SG contributed by adding few more parts to the manuscript. MB will act as guarantor of this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Merry Barua or Sheffali Gulati.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

None.

Source of Funding

None.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Barua, M., Kaushik, J.S. & Gulati, S. Legal Provisions, Educational Services and Health Care Across the Lifespan for Autism Spectrum Disorders in India. Indian J Pediatr 84, 76–82 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2261-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-016-2261-5

Keywords

Navigation