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Sleep Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis

  • Sleep Disorders (A Iranzo, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Neurology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of review

This review summarizes the most well-documented sleep disorders seen in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), with a special focus on the impact on quality of life.

Recent findings

Sleep abnormalities in patients with MS are a multifactorial and relatively complex issue affecting approximately 60% of the patients while the pathophysiology of these symptoms is not fully understood. Circadian rhythm disorders and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been recognized as potential players in affecting sleep homeostasis in MS patients. Medication-related side effects such as in immunotherapy and other factors such as lesion load can contribute to the disruption of normal sleep patterns.

Summary

Most frequently encountered sleep disorders are insomnia, sleep-related movement disorders, sleep-related breathing disorders, and circadian rhythm disorders affecting both adults and paediatric MS populations. Aetiology still remains unknown with treatment options focusing on behavioural cognitive therapy and lifestyle modification including improvement in sleep hygiene as well as melatonin supplementation. Given MS prevalence is still rising affecting millions of people, more personalized medicine applications should possibly form the key approach for improving patients’ quality of life and quality years.

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References and Recommended Reading

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece

    Giorgos K. Sakkas PhD & Christina Karatzaferi PhD

  2. Faculty of Sport, Health and Wellbeing, Plymouth Marjon University, Plymouth, PL6 8BH, UK

    Giorgos K. Sakkas PhD & Christina Karatzaferi PhD

  3. Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus

    Christoforos D. Giannaki PhD

  4. Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital (EOC) of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland

    Mauro Manconi MD, PhD

  5. Neurology Department Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland

    Mauro Manconi MD, PhD

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  1. Giorgos K. Sakkas PhD
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Correspondence to Giorgos K. Sakkas PhD.

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Sakkas, G.K., Giannaki, C.D., Karatzaferi, C. et al. Sleep Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Treat Options Neurol 21, 4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-019-0544-7

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