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The Role of Anxiety in Smoking Onset, Severity, and Cessation-Related Outcomes: a Review of Recent Literature

  • Anxiety Disorders (A Pelissolo, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions globally and co-occurs with smoking at a markedly high rate. The present review offers a narrative overview of the most recent research on the role of anxiety in smoking onset, maintenance, and cessation-related outcomes. Additionally, given the rise in electronic cigarette use, we review the emerging literature on the influence of anxiety on e-cigarette use.

Recent Findings

Evidence across studies varied as to the role of anxiety or anxiety symptoms in smoking behavior. The most consistent findings suggested that those with anxiety are more likely to be a smoker, supporting a high rate of co-occurrence across these conditions. Less consistent evidence was observed for the association between anxiety and onset, indicators of severity, and cessation outcomes.

Summary

Although there is robust evidence for an association between smoking and anxiety, there were considerable discrepancies for the precise role of anxiety in smoking onset, severity, and cessation outcomes. Future work utilizing more sophisticated methodologies is needed to identify causal relations as well as putative moderators and mediators of the anxiety–smoking relation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Room 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX, 77204, USA

    Lorra Garey, Hannah Olofsson, Tatyana Garza, Justin M. Shepherd, Tanya Smit & Michael J. Zvolensky

  2. Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Michael J. Zvolensky

  3. HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA

    Michael J. Zvolensky

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  1. Lorra Garey
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  2. Hannah Olofsson
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  3. Tatyana Garza
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  4. Justin M. Shepherd
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  6. Michael J. Zvolensky
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Garey, L., Olofsson, H., Garza, T. et al. The Role of Anxiety in Smoking Onset, Severity, and Cessation-Related Outcomes: a Review of Recent Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 22, 38 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-01160-5

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