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Psychiatric Sequelae of Concussions

  • Child and Adolescent Disorders (TD Benton, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this study was to review the frequency, risk factors, phenomenology, and course of prolonged recovery from concussion and of psychiatric sequelae in pediatric populations.

Recent Findings

Youth with prolonged recovery from concussions have higher initial symptoms, a history of multiple and/or recent concussions, and a tendency to somatization. Depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, behavioral disorders, and perhaps, suicidal behavior disorder are more common as both short- and longer-term sequelae of concussions. The weight of evidence supports a graduated return to function as compared to prolonged rest, which may actually impede recovery. For those with prolonged recovery, cognitive behavior therapy aimed at education about concussions, improving coping, problem-solving, sleep hygiene, and dealing with anxiety and depression provided in a collaborative care model is superior to usual care.

Summary

Concussed youth have an increased risk of psychiatric symptoms and sleep disturbance that can be prevented or treated with proper management.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3811 O’Hara Street, Room 311 Bellefield Towers, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    David A. Brent

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    David A. Brent

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey Max

  4. Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey Max

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Correspondence to David A. Brent.

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Conflict of Interest

David A. Brent receives research support from NIMH, royalties from Guilford Press, royalties from the electronic self-rated version of the C-SSRS from ERT, Inc., royalties from performing duties as an UptoDate Psychiatry Section Editor, and consulting fees from Healthwise.

Jeffrey Max has grant support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant 1R-01 HD088438-01. Dr. Max has provided expert testimony in cases of traumatic brain injury on an ad hoc basis for plaintiffs and defendants on a more or less equal ratio. This activity constitutes approximately 5 to 10% of his professional activities.

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Brent, D.A., Max, J. Psychiatric Sequelae of Concussions. Curr Psychiatry Rep 19, 108 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0862-y

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