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Parkinson’s Disease and Sleep/Wake Disturbances

  • Sleep (M Thorpy, M Billiard, Section Editors)
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Abstract

Sleep disturbances are a common non-motor feature in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Early diagnosis and appropriate management are imperative for enhancing patient quality of life. Sleep disturbances can be caused by multiple factors in addition to age-related changes in sleep, such as nocturnal motor symptoms (rigidity, resting tremor, akinesia, tardive dyskinesia, and the “wearing off” phenomenon), non-motor symptoms (pain, hallucination, and psychosis), nocturia, and medication. Disease-related pathology involving the brainstem and changes in the neurotransmitter systems (norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine) responsible for regulating sleep structure and the sleep/wake cycle play a role in emerging excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep disturbances. Additionally, screening for sleep apnea syndrome, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, and restless legs syndrome is clinically important. Questionnaire-based assessment utilizing the PD Sleep Scale-2 is useful for screening PD-related nocturnal symptoms. In this review, we focus on the current understanding and management of sleep disturbances in PD.

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Keisuke Suzuki, Masayuki Miyamoto, Tomoyuki Miyamoto, and Koichi Hirata declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan

    Keisuke Suzuki & Koichi Hirata

  2. School of Nursing & Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan

    Masayuki Miyamoto

  3. Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan

    Tomoyuki Miyamoto

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  1. Keisuke Suzuki
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  2. Masayuki Miyamoto
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  3. Tomoyuki Miyamoto
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Correspondence to Keisuke Suzuki.

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Suzuki, K., Miyamoto, M., Miyamoto, T. et al. Parkinson’s Disease and Sleep/Wake Disturbances. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 15, 8 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0525-5

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