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Validity of malnutrition scores for predicting mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients

  • Nephrology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

Malnutrition is a strong predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. Several scoring systems for evaluating nutritional status have been proposed. However, they rely on different sets of anthropometric and laboratory markers to make a diagnosis of malnutrition and assess its impact on prognosis. To validate them, nutritional scores should be compared with clinical outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess malnutrition by three different nutrition scoring systems and determine which best predicts mortality in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

This prospective study included 106 adult chronic hemodialysis patients. Their mean age was 56.3 ± 14.9 years and mean body mass index 24.8 (21.8–28.9); 52 % were men and they had been on dialysis for 24 (5–55) months. Nutritional status was classified according to the diagnostic systems proposed by Wolfson et al. (Am J Clin Nutr 39(4):547–555, 1984), International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) (Fouque et al. in Kidney Int 73(4):391–398, 2008), and Beberashvili et al. (Nephrol Dial Transplant 25(8):2662–2671, 2010). During about 2 years of follow-up, mortality was assessed by Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank, and Cox’s models adjusted for diabetes, sex, C-reactive protein, time on dialysis, age, and fractional urea clearance.

Results

Twenty-three deaths (21.5 %) occurred during the study period. According to the systems of Wolfson, Beberashvili, and the ISRNM, 54, 32, and 20 % of patients, respectively, had malnutrition. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the ISRNM system was the only one that predicted poorer survival (fourfold higher death risk) in malnourished patients.

Conclusions

The scoring system proposed by the ISRNM most accurately identifies patients at higher risk of death.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rubião Junior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-000, Brazil

    Flavia R. Toledo, Aline A. Antunes, Francieli C. D. Vannini, Luis C. Martin, Pasqual Barretti & Jacqueline C. T. Caramori

  2. Department of Biostatistics, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Liciana V. A. Silveira

Authors
  1. Flavia R. Toledo
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  2. Aline A. Antunes
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  3. Francieli C. D. Vannini
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  4. Liciana V. A. Silveira
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  5. Luis C. Martin
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  6. Pasqual Barretti
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  7. Jacqueline C. T. Caramori
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jacqueline C. T. Caramori.

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Toledo, F.R., Antunes, A.A., Vannini, F.C.D. et al. Validity of malnutrition scores for predicting mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 45, 1747–1752 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-013-0482-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-013-0482-3

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