Skip to main content
Log in

Ethnicity, Acculturation, and Religiosity as Predictors of Female College Students' Role Expectations

  • Published:
Sex Roles Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present study was designed to examine ethnicity, acculturation, and religiosity as predictors of European American and Korean American evangelical female college students' role expectations. Fifty-seven European American and 37 Korean American single women, who ranged in age from 17 to 24 years, completed a demographic questionnaire, a role expectation measure, three religiosity measures, and an acculturation measure. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between fundamentalism and role-sharing expectations for European American women and a significant positive correlation between level of acculturation and role-sharing expectations for Korean American women. The results suggest that fundamentalism is a stronger predictor of role expectations than religious commitment in European American women and that acculturation is a more accurate predictor of role expectations than generation in the United States among Korean American women.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Balmer, R. (1989). Mine eyes have seen the glory. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridges, J. S., & Etaugh, C. (1996). Black and White college women's maternal employment outcome expectations and their desired timing of maternal employment. Sex Roles, 35, 543–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broen, W. E. (1957). A factor analytic study of religious attitudes. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 54, 176–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chae, M. H., Foley, P. F., Concepcion, W., & Arora, A. K. (2004, July). Religious commitment, ethnic identity, and psychological functioning among second generation Korean Americans. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, HI.

  • Etaugh, C. (1989). Demographic predictors of college students' attitudes toward working mothers. Journal of College Student Development, 30, 465–466.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferdman, B. M. (1999). The color and culture of gender in organizations: Attending to race and ethnicity. In G. N. Powell (Ed.), Handbook of gender and work (pp. 17–34). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, S. K., & Smith, C. (1999). Symbolic traditionalism and pragmatic egalitarianism: Contemporary evangelicals, families, and gender. Gender & Society, 13, 211–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallup, G. (1984). Commentary on the state of religion in the U.S. today. Gallup Report, 22, 35–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, L. A., Dancer, L. S., Rossman, K. M., & Thorn, B. L. (1991). Assessing perceptions of occupational-family integration. Sex Roles, 24, 107–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorsuch, R. L., & Smith, C. S. (1983). Attributions of responsibility to God: An integration of religious beliefs and outcomes. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 22, 340–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harville, M. L., & Rienzi, B. M. (2000). Equal worth and gracious submission: Judeo- Christian attitudes toward employed women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24, 145–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinebaugh-Igoe, L. (1999). Christian Religious Internalization Scale. In P. C. Hill & R. W. Hood, Jr. (Eds.), Measures of religiosity (pp. 124–127). Birmingham, AL: Religious Education Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B. H., & McNamara, K. (1991). Attitudes toward women and their work roles: Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations. Sex Roles, 24, 21–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, E. (1998). The social reality of Korean American women: Toward crashing with Confucian ideology. In Y. I. Song & A. Moon (Eds.), Korean American women: From tradition to modern feminism (pp. 23–33). Westport, CT: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick, L. A., Hood, R. W., Jr., & Hartz, G. (1991). Fundamentalist religion conceptualized in terms of Rokeach's theory of the open and closed mind: New perspectives on some old ideas. In M. L. Lynn & D. O. Moberg (Eds.), Research in the social scientific study of religion: A research annual (Vol. 3, pp. 157–180). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, I. (1997). Korean immigrant women's challenge to gender inequality at home: The interplay of economic resources, gender, and family. Gender & Society, 11, 31–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Min, P. G. (1997). Korean immigrant wives' labor force participation, marital power, and status. In E. Higginbotham & M. Romero (Eds.), Women and work (pp. 176–191). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moon, A., & Song, Y. I. (1998). Ethnic identities reflected in value orientation of two generations of Korean American women. In Y. I. Song & A. Moon (Eds.), Korean American women: From tradition to modern feminism (pp. 140–148). Westport, CT: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, M. Y. (1987). The impact of religion on gender-role attitudes. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11, 301–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., Rigsby, S., & King, K. (1993). Two types of religious internalization and their relations to religious orientations and mental health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 586–596.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suinn, R. M., Rickard-Figueroa, K., Lew, S., & Vigil, P. (1987). The Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale: An initial report. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47, 401–407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsuzuki, Y., & Matsui, T. (1997). Factors influencing intention to continue work throughout the life span among Japanese college women: A path analysis. College-Student-Journal, 31, 216–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willetts-Bloom, M., & Nock, S. L. (1994). The influence of maternal employment on gender role attitudes of men and women. Sex Roles, 30, 371–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woodberry, R., & Smith, C. (1998). Fundamentalism et al.: Conservative Protestants in America. Annual Review of Sociology, 24, 25–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bang, E., Hall, M.E.L., Anderson, T.L. et al. Ethnicity, Acculturation, and Religiosity as Predictors of Female College Students' Role Expectations. Sex Roles 53, 231–237 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-5681-7

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-5681-7

Keywords

Navigation