Background
Methods
Identification of relevant studies
Systematic literature search
Comprehensive pearl growing method
Wave | Study | Number of citations | Short description |
---|---|---|---|
Wave 1 | [52] | 92 | Development of the ASCOT |
[53] | 146 | Development of the ICECAP-A | |
[54] | 158 | Development of the ICECAP-O | |
[39] | 66 | Development of the OxCAP-MH | |
Wave 2 | [48] | 27 | Description of new methods to conduct economic evaluations using the capability approach |
[55] | 13 | Presents the opportunities and challenges of the capability approach in health economics | |
[49] | 4 | Critical review of relevant questionnaires to measure and value capability |
Study selection
Data extraction and analysis
Results
Search results
Instruments to assess capability
Development of instruments
Instrument | Instrument full name | Field | Population | Number of | Development method | Informants | Number of informants | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimensions | Levels | ||||||||
ACQ‐CMH‐104 | Achieved Capabilities Questionnaire for Community Mental Health | Mental health | Patients | 104 | Unknown | Focus groups | Participants of Portuguese community mental health services | 50 | [56] |
ASCOT | Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit | Social care | Patients | 8 | 4 | Delphi exercise, Literature review and expert opinion, Further improvement of the Older People’s Utility Scale (OPUS) | Experts and service users | 330 | [52] |
ASCOT Easy Read version | Easy Read Version of the Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit | Social care | People w. intellectual disabilities | 8 | 4 | Focus groups and in-depth interviews | Intellectual disability or autism | 54 | [57] |
ASCOT – proxy version | Proxy-report version of the Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit | Social care | Patients | 8 | 4 | In-depth qualitative interviews | Adult care workers or unpaid family carers of patients with cognitive and/or communication impairments | 25 | [58] |
ASCOT-Carer | Carer Version of Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit | Social care | Carers | 7 | 4 | Literature review and feedback from service users, carers, practitioners and policy-makers | Service users, carers, practitioners and policy-makers | 31 | [59] |
CAF | Currently Achieved Functioning | General | Older people | 5 | 5 | In-depth qualitative interviews | Older people living in 3 Dutch urban areas | 99 | [60] |
ICECAP-A | ICEpop CAPability measure for Adults | General | General public | 5 | 4 | In-depth, informant-led, interviews | General public (purposively selected through a random electoral sample) | 36 | [53] |
ICECAP-CPM | ICEpop CAPability Close Person Measure | End of life | Close persons | 6 | 5 | In-depth qualitative interviews | Bereaved within the last 2 years or with a close person currently receiving end-of-life care | 27 | [61] |
ICECAP-O | ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people | General | Older people | 5 | 4 | In-depth qualitative interviews | Purposively selected informants aged 65 and over in private households | 40 | [54] |
ICECAP-SCM | ICEpop CAPability Supportive Care Measure | End of life | Patients | 7 | 4 | In-depth qualitative interviews | Older people from different groups across the dying trajectory | 23 | [62] |
OCAP-18 | OCAP-18 | Public health | General public | 18 | Unknown | Theoretical framework, Focus groups and in-depth interviews | Purposively sampled from various community groups in Glasgow, United Kingdom | 40 | [63] |
OxCAP-MH | Oxford Capabilities Questionnaire for Mental Health | Mental health | Patients | 16 | 5 | Theoretical framework, Focus group discussions | Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Social scientists, Health economists | 336 | [39] |
(Low-income questionnaire) | (Low-income questionnaire) | Low-income settings | General public | 6 | Unknown | Focus groups | Women in rural Malawi | 129 | [64] |
(Chronic pain questionnaire) | (Chronic pain questionnaire) | Chronic pain | Patients | 8 | Unknown | Focus groups and in-depth interviews | Respondents were recruited through a Pain Management Clinic in the East of England | 16 | [65] |
Availability of evidence on the characteristics of capability instruments
Instrument | Reliability | Validity | Responsiveness | Interpretability/Feasibility | Valuation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ACQ‐CMH‐104 | [66] | [66] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
ASCOT | [67] | [71] | [75] | [52] | |
ASCOT easy read | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [57] | Unknown |
ASCOT-proxy | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [58] | Unknown |
ASCOT-carer | [76] | [76] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
CAF | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [60] | Unknown |
ICECAP-A | [77] | [85] | |||
ICECAP-CPM | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
ICECAP-O | [88] | ||||
ICECAP-SCM | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | ||
low-income Q | Unknown | [102] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
pain Q | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
OCAP-18 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
OxCAP-MH | [17] | [39] | Unknown |
Different language versions of instruments
Instrument | Availability of language versions beside Englisha |
---|---|
ACQ‐CMH‐104 | Only available in Portuguese language |
ASCOT | |
ASCOT easy read | None identified |
ASCOT-proxy | None identified |
ASCOT-carer | None identified |
CAF | None identified |
ICECAP-A | |
ICECAP-CPM | none identified |
ICECAP-O | |
ICECAP-SCM | None identified |
low-income Q | None identified |
pain Q | None identified |
OCAP-18 | None identified |
OxCAP-MH | German [103] |
Validation of capability instruments
Reliability
Validity
Capabilities instrument | Compared with… (full names in Appendix 5) | Value of correlation* | Population (country in Appendix 5) | Number of informants | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ACQ‐CMH‐104 | RAS | 0.46* | Psychiatric patients | 92 | [66] |
WHOQOL‐Bref | 0.60* | Psychiatric patients | 129 | [66] | |
ASCOT | Barthel Index | 0.45 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] |
Cantril’s Ladder | 0.66 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
CASP-12 | 0.58 | Older home care residents | 301 | [52] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.41 | Older home care residents | 301 | [52] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.40 | Older home care residents | 301 | [70] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.47 | Older home care residents | 224 | [68] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.41* | Frail older adults living at home | 190 | [74] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.37 | Older social care users | 748 | [72] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.63 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.24 | Older adults in a day rehabilitation facility | 22 | [71] | |
EQ-5D-VAS | 0.64 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
GDS-15 | − 0.69 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
GHQ-12 | − 0.58 | Older home care residents | 301 | [52] | |
ICECAP-A | 0.62 | Older social care users | 748 | [72] | |
ICECAP-O | 0.81 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
ICECAP-O | 0.41* | Frail older adults living at home | 190 | [74] | |
ICECAP-O | 0.67 | Older social care users | 748 | [72] | |
OPQOL-13 | 0.76 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
OPQOL-brief | 0.38 | Older adults in a day rehabilitation facility | 22 | [71] | |
OPQoL-Brief | 0.58 | Older social care users | 87 | [69] | |
SWLS | 0.74 | Older social care users | 205 | [21] | |
ASCOT-Carer | CES | 0.58 | Social care recipients | 376 | [76] |
CSI | − 0.59 | Social care recipients | 384 | [76] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.34 | Social care recipients | 382 | [76] | |
QoL | 0.62 | Social care recipients | 384 | [76] | |
ICECAP-A | 15D | 0.50* | Healthy general public and patients from 8 disease areas | 6756 | [24] |
AQoL-8D | 0.31* | Healthy general public and patients from 8 disease areas | 6756 | [24] | |
AQoL-8D | 0.80 | Healthy general public and patients with 7 chronic conditions | 8022 | [20] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.53 | Women with lower urinary tract infection | 478 | [23] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.49 | Knee pain patients in primary care | 500 | [27] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.62* | Healthy general public and patients with 7 chronic conditions | 1212 | [108] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.49* | Healthy general public and patients from 8 disease areas | 6756 | [24] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.60 | Healthy general public and patients with 7 chronic conditions | 8022 | [20] | |
HUI-3 | 0.32* | Healthy general public and patients from 8 disease areas | 6756 | [24] | |
LDQ | − 0.48 | Opiate substitution recipients | 83 | [34] | |
SF-6D | 0.64* | Healthy general public and patients with 7 chronic conditions | 1212 | [108] | |
SF-6D | 0.47* | Healthy general public and patients from 8 disease areas | 6756 | [24] | |
SSQ | 0.43 | Opiate substitution recipients | 83 | [34] | |
SWLS | 0.66* | Healthy general public and patients with 7 chronic conditions | 1212 | [108] | |
ICECAP-O | ADRQL | 0.53* | Nursing home residents with dementia | 95 | [18] |
Barthel Index | 0.49 | Older social care users | 209 | [21] | |
Barthel Index | 0.72* | Nursing home residents with dementia | 95 | [18] | |
Cantril’s Ladder | 0.74 | Older social care users | 213 | [21] | |
CTM-3 | 0.23 | Patients from outpatient day rehabilitation unit | 82 | [22] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.34 | Older people with hip fracture | 113 | [95] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.69* | Nursing home residents with dementia | 95 | [18] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.53 | Older people after hip fracture surgery | 87 | [93] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.44 | Patients from outpatient day rehabilitation unit | 80 | [22] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.47 | Patients visiting the clinic | 215 | [25] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.63 | Frail older adults living at home | 190 | [74] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.68 | Older social care users | 207 | [21] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.63 | General population aged 70 or older | 516 | [90] | |
EQ-5D-VAS | 0.66 | Older social care users | 208 | [21] | |
GDS-15 | − 0.73 | Older social care users | 210 | [21] | |
OHS | 0.38 | Older people with hip fracture | 113 | [95] | |
OPQOL-13 | 0.80 | Older social care users | 211 | [21] | |
SWLS | 0.82 | Older social care users | 212 | [21] | |
ICECAP-O family version | EQ-5D family version | 0.57* | Nursing professionals of psycho-geriatric elderly | 96 | [92] |
EQ-VAS family version | 0.43* | Family members of psycho-geriatric elderly | 68 | [92] | |
ICECAP-O nursing version | EQ-5D nursing version | 0.48* | Nursing professionals of psycho-geriatric elderly | 96 | [92] |
EQ-VAS nursing version | 0.55* | Family members of psycho-geriatric elderly | 68 | [92] | |
OxCAP-MH | BPRS | − 0.41 | Patients with psychosis | 172 | [19] |
BSI-18 | − 0.67* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 162 | [17] | |
EQ-5D VAS | 0.58* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 161 | [17] | |
EQ-5D-3L | 0.45 | Patients with psychosis | 172 | [19] | |
EQ-5D-5L | 0.66* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 160 | [17] | |
EQ-5D-VAS | 0.52 | Patients with psychosis | 172 | [19] | |
GAF | 0.24 | Patients with psychosis | 172 | [19] | |
GAF | 0.35* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 168 | [17] | |
Mini-ICF-APP | − 0.47* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 167 | [17] | |
SIX | 0.12 | Patients with psychosis | 172 | [19] | |
WHOQOL-Bref Environment | 0.69* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 166 | [17] | |
WHOQOL-BREF Physical health | 0.69* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 163 | [17] | |
WHOQOL-Bref Psychological | 0.75* | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 164 | [17] | |
WHOQOL-Bref Social relationships | 0.50 | Patients in socio-psychiatric services | 165 | [17] | |
Women’s Capabilities Index | WHOQOL-Bref | 0.62* | Women from Malawi | 20 | [64] |
Interpretability
Responsiveness
Valuation of instruments
Instrument | Methods of valuation | Number of choices per BWS task | Number of BWS tasks per respondents | Population | Number of informants | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASCOT | BWS, TTO | 4 | 8 | General public | 958 (BWS) + 126 (TTO) | [52] |
ICECAP-A | BWS | 5 | 16 | General public | 413 | [85] |
ICECAP-O | Variants of DCEs and BWS tasks (online) | 5 | 16 | General public aged 65 or over | 255 | [88] |
ICECAP-SCM | BWS | 7 | 16 | General public | 6020 |
Applied economic evaluations and potential methods to incorporate the capability approach
Capability measure | Disease | Time points | Other HE measures | Changes in QALYs vs. capability values | Presentation of results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ICECAP-A | Visual impairment | Baseline; 2–4 months | EQ-5D-5L | Nearly identicala | Cost per Year of Full Capability (YFC) | [111] |
Diabetic plantar ulceration | Baseline; 6 months | EQ-5D-5L | QALYs negative; Capability positive | Cost and outcome data presented separately | [43] | |
Drug addiction | Baseline; 12 months | EQ-5D-5L | Full capability higher than Sufficient capability, and both higher than QALYs | Years of full capability (YFC), years of sufficient capability equivalent (YSC) | [112] | |
Schizophrenia | Baseline; 12–36–48 weeks | EQ-5D-3L | Nearly identicala | Cost and outcome data presented separately | [44] | |
ICECAP-O | Health decline in the older people | Baseline; 3 months | EQ-5D-3L | QALYs positive; Capability negative | Incremental net monetary benefit (INMB) regressions based on capability QALYs | [31] |
Heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or diabetes | Baseline; 12 months | EQ-5D-3L | Nearly identicala | Willingness to pay for 100% improvement in capability | [113] | |
Visual impairment | 3 months; post-intervention; pre-study | EQ-5D-5L | Capability higher than QALYs | Costs per years of well-being | [46] | |
Hip fracture | Baseline; 3 months | EQ-5D-3L | Capability lower than QALYs | Cost and outcome data presented separately | [42] | |
OxCAP-MH | Psychosis | Baseline; 6–12 months | EQ-5D-3L | Nearly identicala | Cost and outcome data presented separately | [45] |
ICECAP-A and OxCAP-MH | Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and depression | Baseline, 3–6–9 months | EQ-5D-5L | QALYs positive; Capability: no significant change | Cost and outcome data presented separately | [114] |