Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research 3/2018

01-08-2017

Causal effects of informal care and health on falls and other accidents among the elderly population in China

Auteurs: Hong Wu, Naiji Lu, Chenguang Wang, Xinming Tu

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 3/2018

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Purpose

This article analyzes the causal effects of informal care, mental health, and physical health on falls and other accidents (e.g., traffic accidents) among elderly people. We also examine if there are heterogeneous impacts on elderly of different gender, urban status, and past accident history.

Methods

To purge potential reversal causal effects, e.g., past accidents induce more future informal care, we use two-stage least squares to identify the impacts. We use longitudinal data from a representative national China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study of people aged 45 and older in China. A total of 3935 respondents with two-wave data are included in our study. Each respondent is interviewed to measure health status and report their accident history. Mental health is assessed using CES-D questions.

Results

Our findings indicate that while informal care decreased the occurrence of accidents, poor health conditions increase the occurrence of accidents. We also find heterogeneous impacts on the occurrence of accidents, varying by gender, urban status, and past accident history.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest the following three policy implications. First, policy makers who aim to decrease accidents should take informal care of elders into account. Second, ease of birth policy and postponed retirement policy are urgently needed to meet the demands of informal care. Third, medical policies should attach great importance not only to physical health but also mental health of elderly parents especially for older people with accident history.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Voetnoten
1
We have also conducted the same analysis on people who are 65+ and 80+, and our conclusion remains. Detailed estimation results are provided as supplementary materials.
 
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Tinetti, M. E. (2003). Preventing falls in elderly persons. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(1), 42–49.CrossRefPubMed Tinetti, M. E. (2003). Preventing falls in elderly persons. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(1), 42–49.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Stel, V. S., Smit, J. H., Pluijm, S. M., & Lips, P. (2004). Consequences of falling in older men and women and risk factors for health service use and functional decline. Age and Ageing, 33(1), 58–65.CrossRefPubMed Stel, V. S., Smit, J. H., Pluijm, S. M., & Lips, P. (2004). Consequences of falling in older men and women and risk factors for health service use and functional decline. Age and Ageing, 33(1), 58–65.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Hausdorff, J. M., Rios, D. A., & Edelberg, H. K. (2001). Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: A 1-year prospective study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(8), 1050–1056.CrossRefPubMed Hausdorff, J. M., Rios, D. A., & Edelberg, H. K. (2001). Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: A 1-year prospective study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(8), 1050–1056.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Inouye, S. K., Brown, C. J., & Tinetti, M. E. (2009). Medicare nonpayment, hospital falls, and unintended consequences. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(23), 2390–2393.CrossRefPubMed Inouye, S. K., Brown, C. J., & Tinetti, M. E. (2009). Medicare nonpayment, hospital falls, and unintended consequences. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(23), 2390–2393.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Nikolaus, T., & Bach, M. (2003). Preventing falls in community-dwelling frail older people using a home intervention team (HIT): results from the randomized Falls-HIT trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(3), 300–305.CrossRefPubMed Nikolaus, T., & Bach, M. (2003). Preventing falls in community-dwelling frail older people using a home intervention team (HIT): results from the randomized Falls-HIT trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(3), 300–305.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Rubenstein, L. Z. (2006). Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age and Ageing, 35(suppl 2), ii37–ii41.CrossRefPubMed Rubenstein, L. Z. (2006). Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age and Ageing, 35(suppl 2), ii37–ii41.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Shumway-Cook, A., Ciol, M. A., Hoffman, J., Dudgeon, B. J., Yorkston, K., & Chan, L. (2009). Falls in the Medicare population: incidence, associated factors, and impact on health care. Physical Therapy, 89(4), 324–332.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Shumway-Cook, A., Ciol, M. A., Hoffman, J., Dudgeon, B. J., Yorkston, K., & Chan, L. (2009). Falls in the Medicare population: incidence, associated factors, and impact on health care. Physical Therapy, 89(4), 324–332.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
go back to reference Control, C. F. D., & Prevention. (2005). National center for injury prevention and control. Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS). Control, C. F. D., & Prevention. (2005). National center for injury prevention and control. Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS).
9.
go back to reference Tinetti, M. E., Gordon, C., Sogolow, E., Lapin, P., & Bradley, E. H. (2006). Fall-risk evaluation and management: Challenges in adopting geriatric care practices. The Gerontologist, 46(6), 717–725.CrossRefPubMed Tinetti, M. E., Gordon, C., Sogolow, E., Lapin, P., & Bradley, E. H. (2006). Fall-risk evaluation and management: Challenges in adopting geriatric care practices. The Gerontologist, 46(6), 717–725.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Zijlstra, G., Van Haastregt, J., Van Eijk, J. T. M., Van Rossum, E., Stalenhoef, P., & Kempen, G. (2007). Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people. Age and Ageing, 36(3), 304–309.CrossRefPubMed Zijlstra, G., Van Haastregt, J., Van Eijk, J. T. M., Van Rossum, E., Stalenhoef, P., & Kempen, G. (2007). Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people. Age and Ageing, 36(3), 304–309.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Stevens, J. A. (2005). Falls among older adults—risk factors and prevention strategies. Journal of Safety Research, 36(4), 409–411.CrossRefPubMed Stevens, J. A. (2005). Falls among older adults—risk factors and prevention strategies. Journal of Safety Research, 36(4), 409–411.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Palvanen, M., Järvinen, T., & Parkkari, J. (2005). Prevention of falls and consequent injuries in elderly people. The Lancet, 366(9500), 1885–1893.CrossRef Kannus, P., Sievänen, H., Palvanen, M., Järvinen, T., & Parkkari, J. (2005). Prevention of falls and consequent injuries in elderly people. The Lancet, 366(9500), 1885–1893.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Day, L., Fildes, B., Gordon, I., Fitzharris, M., Flamer, H., & Lord, S. (2002). Randomised factorial trial of falls prevention among older people living in their own homes. BMJ, 325(7356), 128.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Day, L., Fildes, B., Gordon, I., Fitzharris, M., Flamer, H., & Lord, S. (2002). Randomised factorial trial of falls prevention among older people living in their own homes. BMJ, 325(7356), 128.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
go back to reference Tinetti, M. E., De Leon, C. F. M., Doucette, J. T., & Baker, D. I. (1994). Fear of falling and fall-related efficacy in relationship to functioning among community-living elders. Journal of Gerontology, 49(3), M140–M147.CrossRefPubMed Tinetti, M. E., De Leon, C. F. M., Doucette, J. T., & Baker, D. I. (1994). Fear of falling and fall-related efficacy in relationship to functioning among community-living elders. Journal of Gerontology, 49(3), M140–M147.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Runge, J. W. (1993). The cost of injury. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 11(1), 241–253.PubMed Runge, J. W. (1993). The cost of injury. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 11(1), 241–253.PubMed
16.
go back to reference Anstey, K. J., Wood, J., Lord, S., & Walker, J. G. (2005). Cognitive, sensory and physical factors enabling driving safety in older adults. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(1), 45–65.CrossRefPubMed Anstey, K. J., Wood, J., Lord, S., & Walker, J. G. (2005). Cognitive, sensory and physical factors enabling driving safety in older adults. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(1), 45–65.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Taylor, A. H., & Dorn, L. (2006). Stress, fatigue, health, and risk of road traffic accidents among professional drivers: The contribution of physical inactivity. Annual Review of Public Health, 27, 371–391.CrossRefPubMed Taylor, A. H., & Dorn, L. (2006). Stress, fatigue, health, and risk of road traffic accidents among professional drivers: The contribution of physical inactivity. Annual Review of Public Health, 27, 371–391.CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Hilton, M. F., Staddon, Z., Sheridan, J., & Whiteford, H. A. (2009). The impact of mental health symptoms on heavy goods vehicle drivers’ performance. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 41(3), 453–461.CrossRefPubMed Hilton, M. F., Staddon, Z., Sheridan, J., & Whiteford, H. A. (2009). The impact of mental health symptoms on heavy goods vehicle drivers’ performance. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 41(3), 453–461.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference McCoy, G., Johnstone, R., & Duthie, R. (1989). Injury to the elderly in road traffic accidents. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 29(4), 494–497.CrossRef McCoy, G., Johnstone, R., & Duthie, R. (1989). Injury to the elderly in road traffic accidents. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 29(4), 494–497.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Torbica, A., Calciolari, S., & Fattore, G. (2015). Does informal care impact utilization of healthcare services? Evidence from a longitudinal study of stroke patients. Social Science and Medicine, 124, 29–38.CrossRefPubMed Torbica, A., Calciolari, S., & Fattore, G. (2015). Does informal care impact utilization of healthcare services? Evidence from a longitudinal study of stroke patients. Social Science and Medicine, 124, 29–38.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Van Houtven, C. H., & Norton, E. C. (2004). Informal care and health care use of older adults. Journal of Health Economics, 23(6), 1159–1180.CrossRefPubMed Van Houtven, C. H., & Norton, E. C. (2004). Informal care and health care use of older adults. Journal of Health Economics, 23(6), 1159–1180.CrossRefPubMed
25.
26.
go back to reference Greenglass, E., Fiksenbaum, L., & Eaton, J. (2006). The relationship between coping, social support, functional disability and depression in the elderly. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 19(1), 15–31.CrossRef Greenglass, E., Fiksenbaum, L., & Eaton, J. (2006). The relationship between coping, social support, functional disability and depression in the elderly. Anxiety Stress and Coping, 19(1), 15–31.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference DiMatteo, M. R. (2004). Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 23(2), 207.CrossRefPubMed DiMatteo, M. R. (2004). Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 23(2), 207.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. Maturitas, 75(1), 51–61.CrossRefPubMed Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. Maturitas, 75(1), 51–61.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Lord, S. R., Menz, H. B., & Tiedemann, A. (2003). A physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and prevention. Physical Therapy, 83(3), 237–252.PubMed Lord, S. R., Menz, H. B., & Tiedemann, A. (2003). A physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and prevention. Physical Therapy, 83(3), 237–252.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Wallace, C., Reiber, G. E., LeMaster, J., Smith, D. G., Sullivan, K., Hayes, S., et al. (2002). Incidence of falls, risk factors for falls, and fall-related fractures in individuals with diabetes and a prior foot ulcer. Diabetes Care, 25(11), 1983–1986.CrossRefPubMed Wallace, C., Reiber, G. E., LeMaster, J., Smith, D. G., Sullivan, K., Hayes, S., et al. (2002). Incidence of falls, risk factors for falls, and fall-related fractures in individuals with diabetes and a prior foot ulcer. Diabetes Care, 25(11), 1983–1986.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Gardner, M. M., Buchner, D. M., Robertson, M. C., & Campbell, A. J. (2001). Practical implementation of an exercise-based falls prevention programme. Age and Ageing, 30(1), 77–83.CrossRefPubMed Gardner, M. M., Buchner, D. M., Robertson, M. C., & Campbell, A. J. (2001). Practical implementation of an exercise-based falls prevention programme. Age and Ageing, 30(1), 77–83.CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Siegel, M. J., Bradley, E. H., Gallo, W. T., & Kasl, S. V. (2004). The effect of spousal mental and physical health on husbands’ and wives’ depressive symptoms, among older adults longitudinal evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey. Journal of Aging and Health, 16(3), 398–425.CrossRefPubMed Siegel, M. J., Bradley, E. H., Gallo, W. T., & Kasl, S. V. (2004). The effect of spousal mental and physical health on husbands’ and wives’ depressive symptoms, among older adults longitudinal evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey. Journal of Aging and Health, 16(3), 398–425.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Kail, B. L. (2015). The mental and physical health consequences of changes in private insurance before and after early retirement. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 71(2), 358–368.CrossRefPubMedCentral Kail, B. L. (2015). The mental and physical health consequences of changes in private insurance before and after early retirement. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 71(2), 358–368.CrossRefPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Gillespie, L. D., Gillespie, W. J., Robertson, M. C., Lamb, S. E., Cumming, R. G., & Rowe, B. H. (2003). Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4, CD000340. Gillespie, L. D., Gillespie, W. J., Robertson, M. C., Lamb, S. E., Cumming, R. G., & Rowe, B. H. (2003). Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4, CD000340.
35.
go back to reference Tideiksaar, R. (1986). Preventing falls: Home hazard checklists to help older patients protect themselves. Geriatrics, 41(5), 26–28.PubMed Tideiksaar, R. (1986). Preventing falls: Home hazard checklists to help older patients protect themselves. Geriatrics, 41(5), 26–28.PubMed
36.
go back to reference Liddle, J., & Gilleard, C. (1995). The emotional consequences of falls for older people and their families. Clinical Rehabilitation, 9(2), 110–114.CrossRef Liddle, J., & Gilleard, C. (1995). The emotional consequences of falls for older people and their families. Clinical Rehabilitation, 9(2), 110–114.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Laird, R. D., Studenski, S., Perera, S., & Wallace, D. (2001). Fall history is an independent predictor of adverse health outcomes and utilization in the elderly. The American Journal of Managed Care, 7(12), 1133–1138.PubMed Laird, R. D., Studenski, S., Perera, S., & Wallace, D. (2001). Fall history is an independent predictor of adverse health outcomes and utilization in the elderly. The American Journal of Managed Care, 7(12), 1133–1138.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Zhao, Y., Strauss, J., Yang, G., Giles, J., Hu, P., Hu, Y., et al. (2013). China health and retirement longitudinal study—2011–2012 national baseline users’ guide. Beijing: National School of Development, Peking University. Zhao, Y., Strauss, J., Yang, G., Giles, J., Hu, P., Hu, Y., et al. (2013). China health and retirement longitudinal study—2011–2012 national baseline users’ guide. Beijing: National School of Development, Peking University.
40.
go back to reference Drootin, M. (2011). Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society: Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(1), 148–157.CrossRef Drootin, M. (2011). Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society: Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(1), 148–157.CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Clemson, L., Mackenzie, L., Ballinger, C., Close, J. C., & Cumming, R. G. (2008). Environmental interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older people a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Journal of Aging and Health, 20(8), 954–971.CrossRefPubMed Clemson, L., Mackenzie, L., Ballinger, C., Close, J. C., & Cumming, R. G. (2008). Environmental interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older people a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Journal of Aging and Health, 20(8), 954–971.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Stel, V. S., Pluijm, S. M., Deeg, D. J., Smit, J. H., Bouter, L. M., & Lips, P. (2003). A classification tree for predicting recurrent falling in community dwelling older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(10), 1356–1364.CrossRefPubMed Stel, V. S., Pluijm, S. M., Deeg, D. J., Smit, J. H., Bouter, L. M., & Lips, P. (2003). A classification tree for predicting recurrent falling in community dwelling older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(10), 1356–1364.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Cai, F., Giles, J., & Meng, X. (2006). How well do children insure parents against low retirement income? An analysis using survey data from urban China. Journal of Public Economics, 90(12), 2229–2255.CrossRef Cai, F., Giles, J., & Meng, X. (2006). How well do children insure parents against low retirement income? An analysis using survey data from urban China. Journal of Public Economics, 90(12), 2229–2255.CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Bolin, K., Lindgren, B., & Lundborg, P. (2008). Your next of kin or your own career?: Caring and working among the 50+ of Europe. Journal of Health Economics, 27(3), 718–738.CrossRefPubMed Bolin, K., Lindgren, B., & Lundborg, P. (2008). Your next of kin or your own career?: Caring and working among the 50+ of Europe. Journal of Health Economics, 27(3), 718–738.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Norton, E. C., Nicholas, L. H., & Huang, S. S.-H. (2013). Informal care and inter-vivos transfers: Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women. The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 14(2), 377–400. Norton, E. C., Nicholas, L. H., & Huang, S. S.-H. (2013). Informal care and inter-vivos transfers: Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women. The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 14(2), 377–400.
46.
go back to reference Rutter, M. (1966). Children of sick parents: An environmental and psychiatric study. London: Oxford University Press. Rutter, M. (1966). Children of sick parents: An environmental and psychiatric study. London: Oxford University Press.
47.
go back to reference Case, A., Fertig, A., & Paxson, C. (2005). The lasting impact of childhood health and circumstance. Journal of Health Economics, 24(2), 365–389.CrossRefPubMed Case, A., Fertig, A., & Paxson, C. (2005). The lasting impact of childhood health and circumstance. Journal of Health Economics, 24(2), 365–389.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Wooldridge, J. M. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (4th ed., p. 378). Southern-Western: Michigan State University. Wooldridge, J. M. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (4th ed., p. 378). Southern-Western: Michigan State University.
49.
go back to reference Kwan, M. M. S., Close, J. C., Wong, A. K. W., & Lord, S. R. (2011). Falls incidence, risk factors, and consequences in Chinese older people: A systematic review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(3), 536–543.CrossRefPubMed Kwan, M. M. S., Close, J. C., Wong, A. K. W., & Lord, S. R. (2011). Falls incidence, risk factors, and consequences in Chinese older people: A systematic review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(3), 536–543.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Pi, H.-Y., Hu, M.-M., Zhang, J., Peng, P.-P., & Nie, D. (2015). Circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly under home care in China. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2(3), 237–242.CrossRef Pi, H.-Y., Hu, M.-M., Zhang, J., Peng, P.-P., & Nie, D. (2015). Circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly under home care in China. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2(3), 237–242.CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Carmichael, F., Charles, S., & Hulme, C. (2010). Who will care? Employment participation and willingness to supply informal care. Journal of Health Economics, 29(1), 182–190.CrossRefPubMed Carmichael, F., Charles, S., & Hulme, C. (2010). Who will care? Employment participation and willingness to supply informal care. Journal of Health Economics, 29(1), 182–190.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Francis, J., & Netten, A. (2004). Raising the quality of home care: A study of service users’ views. Social Policy & Administration, 38(3), 290–305.CrossRef Francis, J., & Netten, A. (2004). Raising the quality of home care: A study of service users’ views. Social Policy & Administration, 38(3), 290–305.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Bonsang, E. (2009). Does informal care from children to their elderly parents substitute for formal care in Europe? Journal of Health Economics, 28(1), 143–154.CrossRefPubMed Bonsang, E. (2009). Does informal care from children to their elderly parents substitute for formal care in Europe? Journal of Health Economics, 28(1), 143–154.CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Wise, D. A. (2005). Facing the age wave and economic policy: Fixing public pension systems with healthcare in the wings. Fiscal Studies, 26(1), 5–34.CrossRef Wise, D. A. (2005). Facing the age wave and economic policy: Fixing public pension systems with healthcare in the wings. Fiscal Studies, 26(1), 5–34.CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Hancock, R., Comas Herrera, A., Wittenberg, R., & Pickard, L. (2003). Who will pay for long term care in the UK? Projections linking macro and micro simulation models. Fiscal Studies, 24(4), 387–426.CrossRef Hancock, R., Comas Herrera, A., Wittenberg, R., & Pickard, L. (2003). Who will pay for long term care in the UK? Projections linking macro and micro simulation models. Fiscal Studies, 24(4), 387–426.CrossRef
57.
go back to reference Lord, S. R., McLean, D., & Stathers, G. (1992). Physiological factors associated with injurious falls in older people living in the community. Gerontology, 38(6), 338–346.CrossRefPubMed Lord, S. R., McLean, D., & Stathers, G. (1992). Physiological factors associated with injurious falls in older people living in the community. Gerontology, 38(6), 338–346.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Causal effects of informal care and health on falls and other accidents among the elderly population in China
Auteurs
Hong Wu
Naiji Lu
Chenguang Wang
Xinming Tu
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in
Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1665-7

Andere artikelen Uitgave 3/2018

Quality of Life Research 3/2018 Naar de uitgave