Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research 10/2015

10-04-2015 | Brief Communication

Anxiety and insomnia as modifiable risk factors for somatic symptoms in Chinese: a general population-based study

Auteurs: Janet Yuen-Ha Wong, Daniel Yee-Tak Fong, Kelvin Ki-Wan Chan

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 10/2015

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Objective

This study aims at investigating the stressors that increased the risk of somatic symptoms in the general Chinese population.

Methods

Chinese participants (n = 202) were recruited in a population-based household survey. Somatic symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15, while potential stressors that increased the risk of somatic symptoms were measured by the Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index and ENRICHD Social Support Instrument.

Results

Structured multiphase regression modeling showed that female gender (estimated coefficient = 1.47, 95 % CI .7–2.24, p < .001), history of childhood adversities (estimated coefficient = .41, 95 % CI .06–.76, p = .023), employed (estimated coefficient = .87, 95 % CI .003–1.74, p = .049), a high level of anxiety (estimated coefficient = .26, 95 % CI .17–.36, p < .001) and severe insomnia (estimated coefficient = .11, 95 % CI .04–.18, p = .003) are significant stressors for increasing the risks of somatic symptoms in the Chinese population.

Conclusion

Physical and psychological symptoms are intertwined. It was recommended that reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality would be helpful to reduce somatic symptoms. These findings help in early identification and treatment of Chinese adults with persisting somatization.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Lipowski, Z. J. (1987). Somatization: The experience and communication of psychological distress as somatic symptoms. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 47(3–4), 160–167.CrossRefPubMed Lipowski, Z. J. (1987). Somatization: The experience and communication of psychological distress as somatic symptoms. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 47(3–4), 160–167.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Kinnunen, P., Laukkanen, E., & Kylmä, J. (2010). Associations between psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence and mental health symptoms in early adulthood. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 16(1), 43–50.CrossRefPubMed Kinnunen, P., Laukkanen, E., & Kylmä, J. (2010). Associations between psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence and mental health symptoms in early adulthood. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 16(1), 43–50.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Mangelli, L., Semprini, F., Sirri, L., Fava, G. A., & Sonino, N. (2006). Use of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) in a community sample. Psychosomatics, 47(2), 143–146.CrossRefPubMed Mangelli, L., Semprini, F., Sirri, L., Fava, G. A., & Sonino, N. (2006). Use of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) in a community sample. Psychosomatics, 47(2), 143–146.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Kleinman, A. (1982). Neurasthenia and depression: A study of somatization and culture in China. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 6(2), 117–190.CrossRefPubMed Kleinman, A. (1982). Neurasthenia and depression: A study of somatization and culture in China. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 6(2), 117–190.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference WHO. (1992). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (10th ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO. (1992). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (10th ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization.
6.
go back to reference Tung, M. P. M. (1994). Symbolic meanings of the body in Chinese culture and “somatization”. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 18(4), 483–492.CrossRefPubMed Tung, M. P. M. (1994). Symbolic meanings of the body in Chinese culture and “somatization”. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 18(4), 483–492.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Dere, J., Sun, J., Zhao, Y., Persson, T. J., Zhu, X., Yao, S., et al. (2013). Beyond “somatization” and “psychologization”: Symptom-level variation in depressed Han Chinese and Euro-Canadian outpatients. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 377.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Dere, J., Sun, J., Zhao, Y., Persson, T. J., Zhu, X., Yao, S., et al. (2013). Beyond “somatization” and “psychologization”: Symptom-level variation in depressed Han Chinese and Euro-Canadian outpatients. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 377.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Lee, S., Ma, Y. L., & Tsang, A. (2011). Psychometric properties of the Chinese 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire in the general population of Hong Kong. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 71(2), 69–73.CrossRefPubMed Lee, S., Ma, Y. L., & Tsang, A. (2011). Psychometric properties of the Chinese 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire in the general population of Hong Kong. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 71(2), 69–73.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Creed, F. H., Davies, I., Jackson, J., Littlewood, A., Chew-Graham, C., Tomenson, B., et al. (2012). The epidemiology of multiple somatic symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 72(4), 311–317.CrossRefPubMed Creed, F. H., Davies, I., Jackson, J., Littlewood, A., Chew-Graham, C., Tomenson, B., et al. (2012). The epidemiology of multiple somatic symptoms. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 72(4), 311–317.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference McEwen, B. S., & Gianaros, P. J. (2010). Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: Links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186, 190–222.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed McEwen, B. S., & Gianaros, P. J. (2010). Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: Links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186, 190–222.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Dong, M., Giles, W. H., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Williams, J. E., Chapman, D. P., & Anda, R. F. (2004). Insights into causal pathways for ischemic heart disease adverse childhood experiences study. Circulation, 110(13), 1761–1766.CrossRefPubMed Dong, M., Giles, W. H., Felitti, V. J., Dube, S. R., Williams, J. E., Chapman, D. P., & Anda, R. F. (2004). Insights into causal pathways for ischemic heart disease adverse childhood experiences study. Circulation, 110(13), 1761–1766.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Dube, S. R., Fairweather, D., Pearson, W. S., Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., & Croft, J. B. (2009). Cumulative childhood stress and autoimmune diseases in adults. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71(2), 243–250.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Dube, S. R., Fairweather, D., Pearson, W. S., Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., & Croft, J. B. (2009). Cumulative childhood stress and autoimmune diseases in adults. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71(2), 243–250.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Ryder, A. G., Yang, J., Zhu, X., Yao, S., Yi, J., Heine, S. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2008). The cultural shaping of depression: Somatic symptoms in China, psychological symptoms in North America? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(2), 300–313.CrossRefPubMed Ryder, A. G., Yang, J., Zhu, X., Yao, S., Yi, J., Heine, S. J., & Bagby, R. M. (2008). The cultural shaping of depression: Somatic symptoms in China, psychological symptoms in North America? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(2), 300–313.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Wong, J. Y. H., & Fong, D. Y. T. (2014). Anxiety mediates the impact of stress on psychosomatic symptoms in Chinese. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 20(4), 457–468. Wong, J. Y. H., & Fong, D. Y. T. (2014). Anxiety mediates the impact of stress on psychosomatic symptoms in Chinese. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 20(4), 457–468.
15.
go back to reference Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2002). The PHQ-15: Validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(2), 258–266.CrossRefPubMed Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2002). The PHQ-15: Validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms. Psychosomatic Medicine, 64(2), 258–266.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Leung, D., Lam, T.-h., & Chan, S. (2010). Three versions of Perceived Stress Scale: Validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smoke. BMC Public Health, 10(1), 513–519.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Leung, D., Lam, T.-h., & Chan, S. (2010). Three versions of Perceived Stress Scale: Validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smoke. BMC Public Health, 10(1), 513–519.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Leung, C. M., Ho, S., Kan, C. S., Hung, C. H., & Chen, C. N. (1993). Evaluation of the Chinese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Psychosomatics, 40(1–4), 29–34.PubMed Leung, C. M., Ho, S., Kan, C. S., Hung, C. H., & Chen, C. N. (1993). Evaluation of the Chinese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Psychosomatics, 40(1–4), 29–34.PubMed
18.
go back to reference Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., et al. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258.CrossRefPubMed Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., et al. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Yu, D. S. F. (2010). Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric properties with Chinese community-dwelling older people. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(10), 2350–2359.CrossRefPubMed Yu, D. S. F. (2010). Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric properties with Chinese community-dwelling older people. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(10), 2350–2359.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161.CrossRefPubMed Thoits, P. A. (2011). Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 52(2), 145–161.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference ENRICHD Investigators. (2001). Enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease (ENRICHD): Baseline characteristics. The American Journal of Cardiology, 88(3), 316–322.CrossRef ENRICHD Investigators. (2001). Enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease (ENRICHD): Baseline characteristics. The American Journal of Cardiology, 88(3), 316–322.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Cohen, Y. C., Rubin, H. R., Freedman, L., & Mozes, B. (1999). Use of a clustered model to identify factors affecting hospital length of stay. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 52(11), 1031–1036.CrossRefPubMed Cohen, Y. C., Rubin, H. R., Freedman, L., & Mozes, B. (1999). Use of a clustered model to identify factors affecting hospital length of stay. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 52(11), 1031–1036.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Lam, C. L., Fong, D. Y., Lauder, I. J., & Lam, T. P. (2002). The effect of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) on health service utilisation of a Chinese population. Social Science and Medicine, 55(9), 1635–1646.CrossRefPubMed Lam, C. L., Fong, D. Y., Lauder, I. J., & Lam, T. P. (2002). The effect of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) on health service utilisation of a Chinese population. Social Science and Medicine, 55(9), 1635–1646.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Sivertsen, B., Krokstad, S., Overland, S., & Mykletun, A. (2009). The epidemiology of insomnia: Associations with physical and mental health. The HUNT-2 study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 67(2), 109–116.CrossRefPubMed Sivertsen, B., Krokstad, S., Overland, S., & Mykletun, A. (2009). The epidemiology of insomnia: Associations with physical and mental health. The HUNT-2 study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 67(2), 109–116.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Kreibig, S. D. (2010). Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: A review. Biological Psychology, 84(3), 394–421.CrossRefPubMed Kreibig, S. D. (2010). Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: A review. Biological Psychology, 84(3), 394–421.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Pluess, M., Conrad, A., & Wilhelm, F. H. (2009). Muscle tension in generalized anxiety disorder: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(1), 1–11.CrossRefPubMed Pluess, M., Conrad, A., & Wilhelm, F. H. (2009). Muscle tension in generalized anxiety disorder: A critical review of the literature. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(1), 1–11.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Hoehn-Saric, R., McLeod, D. R., Funderburk, F., & Kowalski, P. (2004). Somatic symptoms and physiologic responses in generalized anxiety disorderand panic disorder: An ambulatory monitor study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(9), 913–921.CrossRefPubMed Hoehn-Saric, R., McLeod, D. R., Funderburk, F., & Kowalski, P. (2004). Somatic symptoms and physiologic responses in generalized anxiety disorderand panic disorder: An ambulatory monitor study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(9), 913–921.CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Nan, H., Lee, P. H., McDowell, I., Ni, M. Y., Stewart, S. M., & Lam, T. H. (2012). Depressive symptoms in people with chronic physical conditions: Prevalence and risk factors in a Hong Kong community sample. BMC Psychiatry, 12, 198.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Nan, H., Lee, P. H., McDowell, I., Ni, M. Y., Stewart, S. M., & Lam, T. H. (2012). Depressive symptoms in people with chronic physical conditions: Prevalence and risk factors in a Hong Kong community sample. BMC Psychiatry, 12, 198.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Francisco, P. M., Barros, M. B., Segri, N. J., & Alves, M. C. (2013). Comparison of estimates of population-based surveys. Revista de Saude Publica, 47(1), 60–68.CrossRefPubMed Francisco, P. M., Barros, M. B., Segri, N. J., & Alves, M. C. (2013). Comparison of estimates of population-based surveys. Revista de Saude Publica, 47(1), 60–68.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Anxiety and insomnia as modifiable risk factors for somatic symptoms in Chinese: a general population-based study
Auteurs
Janet Yuen-Ha Wong
Daniel Yee-Tak Fong
Kelvin Ki-Wan Chan
Publicatiedatum
10-04-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in
Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 10/2015
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-0984-9

Andere artikelen Uitgave 10/2015

Quality of Life Research 10/2015 Naar de uitgave