Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research 6/2015

01-06-2015 | Brief Communication

The Dutch Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI): a reliability and validation study

Auteurs: Marloes Thoomes-de Graaf, Gwendolijne G. M. Scholten-Peeters, Edwin Duijn, Yasmaine Karel, Bart W. Koes, Arianne P. Verhagen

Gepubliceerd in: Quality of Life Research | Uitgave 6/2015

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Dutch Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI-D).

Background

The SPADI is recommended and frequently used. However, the validity and reliability of the SPADI-D are unknown.

Methods

The study population consisted of patients consulting a physical therapist for shoulder pain. We assessed construct validity, using known groups, convergent validity (SDQ) and divergent validity (EQ5D) for which the mean difference or Spearman correlations coefficients were calculated. The factor structure was assessed using principal component factor analysis, and we calculated Cronbach’s alpha and the ICC to assess the reliability.

Results

A total of 356 patients and a randomly selected group of 74 subjects for the reliability analysis were included. There was a significant difference between extreme groups (a high/low level of pain and work absence/presence) in SPADI score. The correlation between the SPADI and the SDQ was 0.69, with the EQ5D mobility-item 0.25 and with the depression-item 0.14. The SPADI consisted of one factor according to principal component factor analysis, which showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.94 for the total score), and the test–retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.89).

Conclusion

The Dutch SPADI is a valid and reliable questionnaire for patients in primary care in assessing functional disability.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Feleus, A., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M., Miedema, H. S., Verhaar, J. A., & Koes, B. W. (2008). Management in non-traumatic arm, neck and shoulder complaints: Differences between diagnostic groups. European Spine Journal, 17(9), 1218–1229.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Feleus, A., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M., Miedema, H. S., Verhaar, J. A., & Koes, B. W. (2008). Management in non-traumatic arm, neck and shoulder complaints: Differences between diagnostic groups. European Spine Journal, 17(9), 1218–1229.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference van der Windt, D. A., van der Heijden, G. J., de Winter, A. F., Koes, B. W., Deville, W., & Bouter, L. M. (1998). The responsiveness of the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 57(2), 82–87.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef van der Windt, D. A., van der Heijden, G. J., de Winter, A. F., Koes, B. W., Deville, W., & Bouter, L. M. (1998). The responsiveness of the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 57(2), 82–87.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Mintken, P. E., Glynn, P., & Cleland, J. A. (2009). Psychometric properties of the shortened disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (QuickDASH) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with shoulder pain. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(6), 920–926.PubMedCrossRef Mintken, P. E., Glynn, P., & Cleland, J. A. (2009). Psychometric properties of the shortened disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (QuickDASH) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with shoulder pain. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 18(6), 920–926.PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Paul, A., Lewis, M., Shadforth, M. F., Croft, P. R., Van Der Windt, D. A., & Hay, E. M. (2004). A comparison of four shoulder-specific questionnaires in primary care. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(10), 1293–1299.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Paul, A., Lewis, M., Shadforth, M. F., Croft, P. R., Van Der Windt, D. A., & Hay, E. M. (2004). A comparison of four shoulder-specific questionnaires in primary care. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(10), 1293–1299.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Roach, K. E., Budiman-Mak, E., Songsiridej, N., & Lertratanakul, Y. (1991). Development of a Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Arthritis Care & Research, 4(4), 143–149.CrossRef Roach, K. E., Budiman-Mak, E., Songsiridej, N., & Lertratanakul, Y. (1991). Development of a Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Arthritis Care & Research, 4(4), 143–149.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Jamnik, H., & Spevak, M. K. (2008). Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: Validation of slovene version. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 31(4), 337–341.PubMedCrossRef Jamnik, H., & Spevak, M. K. (2008). Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: Validation of slovene version. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 31(4), 337–341.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Christiansen, D. H., Andersen, J. H., & Haahr, J. P. (2013). Cross-cultural adaption and measurement properties of the Danish version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Clinical Rehabilitation, 27(4), 355–360.PubMedCrossRef Christiansen, D. H., Andersen, J. H., & Haahr, J. P. (2013). Cross-cultural adaption and measurement properties of the Danish version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Clinical Rehabilitation, 27(4), 355–360.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Ekeberg, O. M., Bautz-Holter, E., Tveita, E. K., Keller, A., Juel, N. G., & Brox, J. I. (2008). Agreement, reliability and validity in 3 shoulder questionnaires in patients with rotator cuff disease. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9, 68.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Ekeberg, O. M., Bautz-Holter, E., Tveita, E. K., Keller, A., Juel, N. G., & Brox, J. I. (2008). Agreement, reliability and validity in 3 shoulder questionnaires in patients with rotator cuff disease. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9, 68.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Bot, S. D., Terwee, C. B., van der Windt, D. A., Bouter, L. M., Dekker, J., & de Vet, H. C. (2004). Clinimetric evaluation of shoulder disability questionnaires: a systematic review of the literature. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(4), 335–341.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Bot, S. D., Terwee, C. B., van der Windt, D. A., Bouter, L. M., Dekker, J., & de Vet, H. C. (2004). Clinimetric evaluation of shoulder disability questionnaires: a systematic review of the literature. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(4), 335–341.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Jansen, M. J., Brooijmans, F., Geraets, J. J. X. R., Lenssen, A. F., Ottenheijm, R. P. G., Penning, L. I. F., et al. (2011). KNGF Evidence Statement Subacromiale klachten. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Fysiotherapie, 121(1). Jansen, M. J., Brooijmans, F., Geraets, J. J. X. R., Lenssen, A. F., Ottenheijm, R. P. G., Penning, L. I. F., et al. (2011). KNGF Evidence Statement Subacromiale klachten. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Fysiotherapie, 121(1).
11.
go back to reference Karel, Y. H., Scholten-Peeters, W. G., Thoomes-de Graaf, M., Duijn, E., Ottenheijm, R. P., Koes, B. W., et al. (2013). Current management and prognostic factors in physiotherapy practice for patients with shoulder pain: Design of a prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 14(1), 62.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Karel, Y. H., Scholten-Peeters, W. G., Thoomes-de Graaf, M., Duijn, E., Ottenheijm, R. P., Koes, B. W., et al. (2013). Current management and prognostic factors in physiotherapy practice for patients with shoulder pain: Design of a prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 14(1), 62.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference de Winter, A. F., van der Heijden, G. J., Scholten, R. J., van der Windt, D. A., & Bouter, L. M. (2007). The Shoulder Disability Questionnaire differentiated well between high and low disability levels in patients in primary care, in a cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 60(11), 1156–1163.PubMedCrossRef de Winter, A. F., van der Heijden, G. J., Scholten, R. J., van der Windt, D. A., & Bouter, L. M. (2007). The Shoulder Disability Questionnaire differentiated well between high and low disability levels in patients in primary care, in a cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 60(11), 1156–1163.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Lamers, L. M., McDonnell, J., Stalmeier, P. F., Krabbe, P. F., & Busschbach, J. J. (2006). The Dutch tariff: Results and arguments for an effective design for national EQ-5D valuation studies. Health Economics, 15(10), 1121–1132.PubMedCrossRef Lamers, L. M., McDonnell, J., Stalmeier, P. F., Krabbe, P. F., & Busschbach, J. J. (2006). The Dutch tariff: Results and arguments for an effective design for national EQ-5D valuation studies. Health Economics, 15(10), 1121–1132.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Streiner, D. L., & Norman, G. R. (2008). Health measurement scales a practical guide to the development and use. Oxford: Oxford university press. Streiner, D. L., & Norman, G. R. (2008). Health measurement scales a practical guide to the development and use. Oxford: Oxford university press.
15.
go back to reference Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Knol, D. L., Stratford, P. W., Alonso, J., Patrick, D. L., et al. (2010). The COSMIN checklist for evaluating the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties: A clarification of its content. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10, 22.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Mokkink, L. B., Terwee, C. B., Knol, D. L., Stratford, P. W., Alonso, J., Patrick, D. L., et al. (2010). The COSMIN checklist for evaluating the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties: A clarification of its content. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 10, 22.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Hallman, D. M., Ekman, A. H., & Lyskov, E. (2014). Changes in physical activity and heart rate variability in chronic neck-shoulder pain: Monitoring during work and leisure time. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87(7), 735–744. Hallman, D. M., Ekman, A. H., & Lyskov, E. (2014). Changes in physical activity and heart rate variability in chronic neck-shoulder pain: Monitoring during work and leisure time. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87(7), 735–744.
17.
go back to reference Roh, Y. H., Noh, J. H., Oh, J. H., Baek, G. H., & Gong, H. S. (2012). To what degree do shoulder outcome instruments reflect patients’ psychologic distress? Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 470(12), 3470–3477.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Roh, Y. H., Noh, J. H., Oh, J. H., Baek, G. H., & Gong, H. S. (2012). To what degree do shoulder outcome instruments reflect patients’ psychologic distress? Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 470(12), 3470–3477.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference O’Connor, B. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and velicer’s MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32(3), 396–402.CrossRef O’Connor, B. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and velicer’s MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32(3), 396–402.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Horn, J. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 30, 179–185.PubMedCrossRef Horn, J. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 30, 179–185.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Patil, V. H., Surendra, N. S., Sanjay, M., & Donovan, T. (2008). “Parallel analysis engine to aid determining number of factors to retain computer software. http://smishra.faculty.ku.edu/parallelengine.htm; utility developed as part of Patil, Vivek H., Surendra N. Singh, Sanjay Mishra, and Todd Donovan. (2008). “Efficient theory development and factor retention criteria: A case for abandoning the ‘eigenvalue greater than one’ criterion”. Journal of Business Research, 61 (2), 162–170. Patil, V. H., Surendra, N. S., Sanjay, M., & Donovan, T. (2008). “Parallel analysis engine to aid determining number of factors to retain computer software. http://​smishra.​faculty.​ku.​edu/​parallelengine.​htm; utility developed as part of Patil, Vivek H., Surendra N. Singh, Sanjay Mishra, and Todd Donovan. (2008). “Efficient theory development and factor retention criteria: A case for abandoning the ‘eigenvalue greater than one’ criterion”. Journal of Business Research, 61 (2), 162–170.
21.
go back to reference Floyd, F. J., & Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7, 286–299.CrossRef Floyd, F. J., & Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7, 286–299.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference de Vet, H. C., Ader, H. J., Terwee, C. B., & Pouwer, F. (2005). Are factor analytical techniques used appropriately in the validation of health status questionnaires? A systematic review on the quality of factor analysis of the SF-36. Quality of Life Research, 14(5), 1203–1218. (dicussion 1219–1221, 1223–1204).PubMedCrossRef de Vet, H. C., Ader, H. J., Terwee, C. B., & Pouwer, F. (2005). Are factor analytical techniques used appropriately in the validation of health status questionnaires? A systematic review on the quality of factor analysis of the SF-36. Quality of Life Research, 14(5), 1203–1218. (dicussion 1219–1221, 1223–1204).PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Terwee, C. B., Bot, S. D., de Boer, M. R., van der Windt, D. A., Knol, D. L., Dekker, J., et al. (2007). Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 60(1), 34–42.PubMedCrossRef Terwee, C. B., Bot, S. D., de Boer, M. R., van der Windt, D. A., Knol, D. L., Dekker, J., et al. (2007). Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 60(1), 34–42.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Staples, M. P., Forbes, A., Green, S., & Buchbinder, R. (2010). Shoulder-specific disability measures showed acceptable construct validity and responsiveness. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(2), 163–170.PubMedCrossRef Staples, M. P., Forbes, A., Green, S., & Buchbinder, R. (2010). Shoulder-specific disability measures showed acceptable construct validity and responsiveness. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(2), 163–170.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Cloke, D. J., Lynn, S. E., Watson, H., Steen, I. N., Purdy, S., & Williams, J. R. (2005). A comparison of functional, patient-based scores in subacromial impingement. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 14(4), 380–384.PubMedCrossRef Cloke, D. J., Lynn, S. E., Watson, H., Steen, I. N., Purdy, S., & Williams, J. R. (2005). A comparison of functional, patient-based scores in subacromial impingement. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 14(4), 380–384.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Hill, C. L., Lester, S., Taylor, A. W., Shanahan, M. E., & Gill, T. K. (2011). Factor structure and validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in a population-based study of people with shoulder symptoms. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 12, 8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Hill, C. L., Lester, S., Taylor, A. W., Shanahan, M. E., & Gill, T. K. (2011). Factor structure and validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in a population-based study of people with shoulder symptoms. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 12, 8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Tveita, E. K., Sandvik, L., Ekeberg, O. M., Juel, N. G., & Bautz-Holter, E. (2008). Factor structure of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in patients with adhesive capsulitis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 9, 103. Tveita, E. K., Sandvik, L., Ekeberg, O. M., Juel, N. G., & Bautz-Holter, E. (2008). Factor structure of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in patients with adhesive capsulitis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 9, 103.
28.
go back to reference MacDermid, J. C., Solomon, P., & Prkachin, K. (2006). The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index demonstrates factor, construct and longitudinal validity. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 7, 12.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef MacDermid, J. C., Solomon, P., & Prkachin, K. (2006). The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index demonstrates factor, construct and longitudinal validity. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 7, 12.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Roddey, T. S., Olson, S. L., Cook, K. F., Gartsman, G. M., & Hanten, W. (2000). Comparison of the University of California—Los Angeles Shoulder Scale and the simple shoulder test with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: Single-administration reliability and validity. Physical Therapy, 80(8), 759–768.PubMed Roddey, T. S., Olson, S. L., Cook, K. F., Gartsman, G. M., & Hanten, W. (2000). Comparison of the University of California—Los Angeles Shoulder Scale and the simple shoulder test with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: Single-administration reliability and validity. Physical Therapy, 80(8), 759–768.PubMed
30.
go back to reference Bicer, A., & Ankarali, H. (2010). Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: A validation study in Turkish women. Singapore Medical Journal, 51(11), 865–870.PubMed Bicer, A., & Ankarali, H. (2010). Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: A validation study in Turkish women. Singapore Medical Journal, 51(11), 865–870.PubMed
31.
go back to reference Tveita, E. K., Ekeberg, O. M., Juel, N. G., & Bautz-Holter, E. (2008). Responsiveness of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in patients with adhesive capsulitis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9, 161.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Tveita, E. K., Ekeberg, O. M., Juel, N. G., & Bautz-Holter, E. (2008). Responsiveness of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in patients with adhesive capsulitis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9, 161.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Jeldi, A. J., Aseer, A. L., Dhandapani, A. G., & Roach, K. E. (2012). Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Indian (Tamil) version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 30(2), 99–104. Jeldi, A. J., Aseer, A. L., Dhandapani, A. G., & Roach, K. E. (2012). Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Indian (Tamil) version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 30(2), 99–104.
33.
go back to reference Wild, D., Grove, A., Martin, M., Eremenco, S., McElroy, S., Verjee-Lorenz, A., et al. (2005). Principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient-reported outcomes (pro) measures: Report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value Health, 8(2), 94–104.PubMedCrossRef Wild, D., Grove, A., Martin, M., Eremenco, S., McElroy, S., Verjee-Lorenz, A., et al. (2005). Principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient-reported outcomes (pro) measures: Report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value Health, 8(2), 94–104.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kooijman, M., Barten, J., Swinkels, I., & Veenhof, C. J. (2010). En trendcijfers 2006–2010 fysiotherapie. Landelijke Informatievoorziening Paramedische Zorg. Utrecht: NIVEL. http://www.nivel.nl/lipz Kooijman, M., Barten, J., Swinkels, I., & Veenhof, C. J. (2010). En trendcijfers 2006–2010 fysiotherapie. Landelijke Informatievoorziening Paramedische Zorg. Utrecht: NIVEL. http://​www.​nivel.​nl/​lipz
Metagegevens
Titel
The Dutch Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI): a reliability and validation study
Auteurs
Marloes Thoomes-de Graaf
Gwendolijne G. M. Scholten-Peeters
Edwin Duijn
Yasmaine Karel
Bart W. Koes
Arianne P. Verhagen
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer International Publishing
Gepubliceerd in
Quality of Life Research / Uitgave 6/2015
Print ISSN: 0962-9343
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2649
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-014-0879-1

Andere artikelen Uitgave 6/2015

Quality of Life Research 6/2015 Naar de uitgave