Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence 10/2016

18-03-2016 | Empirical Research

Mother–Child Discrepancy in Perceived Family Functioning and Adolescent Developmental Outcomes in Families Experiencing Economic Disadvantage in Hong Kong

Auteurs: Janet T. Y. Leung, Daniel T. L. Shek, Lin Li

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 10/2016

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Though growing attention has been devoted to examining informant discrepancies of family attributes in social science research, studies that examine how interactions between mother-reported and adolescent-reported family functioning predict adolescent developmental outcomes in underprivileged families are severely lacking. The current study investigated the difference between mothers and adolescents in their reports of family functioning, as well as the relationships between mother-reported and adolescent-reported family functioning and adolescent developmental outcomes in a sample of 432 Chinese single-mother families (mean age of adolescents = 13.7 years, 51.2 % girls, mean age of mothers = 43.5 years, 69.9 % divorced) experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong. Polynomial regression analyses were conducted to assess whether discrepancy in family functioning between mother reports and adolescent reports predicted resilience, beliefs in the future, cognitive competence, self-efficacy and self-determination of adolescents. The results indicated that adolescents reported family functioning more negatively than did their mothers. Polynomial regression analyses showed that the interaction term between mothers’ reports and adolescents’ reports of family functioning predicted adolescent developmental outcomes in Chinese single-mother families living in poverty. Basically, under poor adolescent-reported family functioning, adolescent development would be relatively better if their mothers reported more positive family functioning. In contrast, under good adolescent-reported family functioning, adolescents expressed better developmental outcomes when mothers reported lower levels of family functioning than those mothers who reported higher levels of family functioning. The findings provide insights on how congruency and discrepancy between informant reports of family functioning would influence adolescent development. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Literatuur
go back to reference Anderson, C. (2003). The diversity, strengths, and challenges of single-parent households. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (pp. 121–151). New York: Guilford. Anderson, C. (2003). The diversity, strengths, and challenges of single-parent households. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (pp. 121–151). New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy. Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191–215.CrossRef Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy. Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191–215.CrossRef
go back to reference Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1983). Self-evaluative and self-efficacy mechanisms governing the motivational effects of goal systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1017–1028.CrossRef Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1983). Self-evaluative and self-efficacy mechanisms governing the motivational effects of goal systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 1017–1028.CrossRef
go back to reference Beaver, W. R., & Hampson, R. B. (2003). Measuring family competence: The beavers systems model. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (3rd ed., pp. 549–580). New York: Guilford. Beaver, W. R., & Hampson, R. B. (2003). Measuring family competence: The beavers systems model. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (3rd ed., pp. 549–580). New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Beavers, W. R., Hampson, R. B., & Hugles, Y. F. (1990). Beavers systems model manual. Dallas, TX: Southwest Family Institute. Beavers, W. R., Hampson, R. B., & Hugles, Y. F. (1990). Beavers systems model manual. Dallas, TX: Southwest Family Institute.
go back to reference Bengtson, V. L., & Kuypers, J. A. (1971). Generational differences and the developmental stake. Aging and Human Development, 2, 249–260.CrossRef Bengtson, V. L., & Kuypers, J. A. (1971). Generational differences and the developmental stake. Aging and Human Development, 2, 249–260.CrossRef
go back to reference Burton, L. (2007). Childhood adultification in economically disadvantaged families: A conceptual model. Family Relations, 56, 329–345.CrossRef Burton, L. (2007). Childhood adultification in economically disadvantaged families: A conceptual model. Family Relations, 56, 329–345.CrossRef
go back to reference Castro, D. M., Jones, R. A., & Mirsalimi, H. (2004). Parentification and the impostor phenomenon: An empirical investigation. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 32(3), 205–216.CrossRef Castro, D. M., Jones, R. A., & Mirsalimi, H. (2004). Parentification and the impostor phenomenon: An empirical investigation. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 32(3), 205–216.CrossRef
go back to reference Catalano, R. F., Berglund, M. L., Ryan, J. A. M., Lonczak, H. S., & Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluation of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5(Article 15), 1–111. Catalano, R. F., Berglund, M. L., Ryan, J. A. M., Lonczak, H. S., & Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluation of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5(Article 15), 1–111.
go back to reference Chao, R. K., & Sue, S. (1996). Chinese parental influence and their children’s school success: A paradox in the literature on parenting styles. In S. Lau (Ed.), Growing up the Chinese way—Chinese child and adolescent development (pp. 93–120). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press. Chao, R. K., & Sue, S. (1996). Chinese parental influence and their children’s school success: A paradox in the literature on parenting styles. In S. Lau (Ed.), Growing up the Chinese way—Chinese child and adolescent development (pp. 93–120). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.
go back to reference Cheung, C. S., & McBride-Chang, C. (2008). Relations of perceived maternal parenting style, practices, and learning motivation to academic competence in Chinese children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54(1), 1–22.CrossRef Cheung, C. S., & McBride-Chang, C. (2008). Relations of perceived maternal parenting style, practices, and learning motivation to academic competence in Chinese children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 54(1), 1–22.CrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
go back to reference Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
go back to reference Damon, W. (2004). What is positive youth development? Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 13–24.CrossRef Damon, W. (2004). What is positive youth development? Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 591, 13–24.CrossRef
go back to reference De Los Reyes, A., & Kazdin, A. E. (2004). Measuring informant discrepancies in clinical child research. Psychological Assessment, 16, 330–334.CrossRefPubMed De Los Reyes, A., & Kazdin, A. E. (2004). Measuring informant discrepancies in clinical child research. Psychological Assessment, 16, 330–334.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference De Los Reyes, A., & Kazdin, A. E. (2005). Informant discrepancies in the assessment of childhood psychopathology: A critical review, theoretical framework, and recommendations for further study. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 483–509.CrossRefPubMed De Los Reyes, A., & Kazdin, A. E. (2005). Informant discrepancies in the assessment of childhood psychopathology: A critical review, theoretical framework, and recommendations for further study. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 483–509.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference De Los Reyes, A., Ohannessian, C. M., & Laird, R. D. (2016). Developmental changes in discrepancies between adolescents’ and their mothers’ views of family communication. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 790–797.CrossRef De Los Reyes, A., Ohannessian, C. M., & Laird, R. D. (2016). Developmental changes in discrepancies between adolescents’ and their mothers’ views of family communication. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 790–797.CrossRef
go back to reference Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York, NY: Plenum.CrossRef Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York, NY: Plenum.CrossRef
go back to reference Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268.CrossRef Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268.CrossRef
go back to reference Edwards, J. R. (1994). The study of congruence in organizational behavior research: Critique and a proposed alternative. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 58, 51–100.CrossRef Edwards, J. R. (1994). The study of congruence in organizational behavior research: Critique and a proposed alternative. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 58, 51–100.CrossRef
go back to reference Epstein, N. B., Bishop, D. S., & Levin, S. (1978). The McMaster model of family functioning. Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling, 4, 19–31.CrossRef Epstein, N. B., Bishop, D. S., & Levin, S. (1978). The McMaster model of family functioning. Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling, 4, 19–31.CrossRef
go back to reference Epstein, N. B., Ryan, C. E., Bishop, D. S., Miller, I. W., & Keitner, G. I. (2003). The McMaster model: A view of healthy family functioning. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (pp. 581–607). New York: Guilford. Epstein, N. B., Ryan, C. E., Bishop, D. S., Miller, I. W., & Keitner, G. I. (2003). The McMaster model: A view of healthy family functioning. In F. Walsh (Ed.), Normal family processes: Growing diversity and complexity (pp. 581–607). New York: Guilford.
go back to reference Feinberg, M. E., Howe, G. W., Reiss, D., & Hetherington, E. M. (2000). Relationship between perceptual differences of parenting and adolescent antisocial behavior and depressive symptoms. Journal of Family Psychology, 14, 531–555.CrossRefPubMed Feinberg, M. E., Howe, G. W., Reiss, D., & Hetherington, E. M. (2000). Relationship between perceptual differences of parenting and adolescent antisocial behavior and depressive symptoms. Journal of Family Psychology, 14, 531–555.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Fuligni, A. J., Tseng, V., & Lam, M. (1999). Attitudes toward Family Obligations among American adolescents with Asian, Latin American, and European backgrounds. Child Development, 70, 1030–1044.CrossRef Fuligni, A. J., Tseng, V., & Lam, M. (1999). Attitudes toward Family Obligations among American adolescents with Asian, Latin American, and European backgrounds. Child Development, 70, 1030–1044.CrossRef
go back to reference Fuligni, A. J., & Zhang, W. (2004). Attitudes toward family obligation among adolescents in contemporary urban and rural China. Child Development, 74, 180–192.CrossRef Fuligni, A. J., & Zhang, W. (2004). Attitudes toward family obligation among adolescents in contemporary urban and rural China. Child Development, 74, 180–192.CrossRef
go back to reference Ganzach, Y. (1997). Misleading interaction and curvilinear terms. Psychological Methods, 2, 235–247.CrossRef Ganzach, Y. (1997). Misleading interaction and curvilinear terms. Psychological Methods, 2, 235–247.CrossRef
go back to reference Garber, B. D. (2011). Parental alienation and the dynamics of the enmeshed parent–child dyad: Adultification, parentification, and infantilization. Family Court Review, 49(2), 322–335.CrossRef Garber, B. D. (2011). Parental alienation and the dynamics of the enmeshed parent–child dyad: Adultification, parentification, and infantilization. Family Court Review, 49(2), 322–335.CrossRef
go back to reference Grotevant, H. D., & Cooper, C. R. (1986). Individuation in family relationships: A perspective on individual differences in the development of identity and role-taking skills in adolescence. Human Development, 29, 82–100.CrossRef Grotevant, H. D., & Cooper, C. R. (1986). Individuation in family relationships: A perspective on individual differences in the development of identity and role-taking skills in adolescence. Human Development, 29, 82–100.CrossRef
go back to reference Guion, K., Mrug, S., & Windle, M. (2009). Predictive value of informant discrepancies in reports of parenting: Relations to early adolescents’ adjustment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37, 17–30.CrossRefPubMed Guion, K., Mrug, S., & Windle, M. (2009). Predictive value of informant discrepancies in reports of parenting: Relations to early adolescents’ adjustment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37, 17–30.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Hetherington, E. M. (1992). I. Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57(2–3), 1–14. Hetherington, E. M. (1992). I. Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57(2–3), 1–14.
go back to reference Hong Kong Youth Development Council. (2001). Holistic development in secondary school students in Hong Kong: Assessment and research. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Youth Development Council. Hong Kong Youth Development Council. (2001). Holistic development in secondary school students in Hong Kong: Assessment and research. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Youth Development Council.
go back to reference Hooper, L. M., Marotta, S. A., & Lanthier, R. P. (2008). Predictors of growth and distress following childhood parentification: A retrospective exploratory study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 17(5), 693–705.CrossRef Hooper, L. M., Marotta, S. A., & Lanthier, R. P. (2008). Predictors of growth and distress following childhood parentification: A retrospective exploratory study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 17(5), 693–705.CrossRef
go back to reference Jones, D. J., Zalot, A. A., Foster, S. E., Sterrett, E., & Chesterm, C. (2007). A review of childrearing in African American single mother families: The relevance of a coparenting framework. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16, 671–683.CrossRef Jones, D. J., Zalot, A. A., Foster, S. E., Sterrett, E., & Chesterm, C. (2007). A review of childrearing in African American single mother families: The relevance of a coparenting framework. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16, 671–683.CrossRef
go back to reference Jurkovic, G. J. (1997). Lost childhoods: The plight of the parentified child. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel. Jurkovic, G. J. (1997). Lost childhoods: The plight of the parentified child. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.
go back to reference Jurkovic, G. J. (1998). Destructive parentification in families: Causes and consequences. In L. L’ Abate (Ed.), Handbook of family psychopathology (p. 237). 255: Guilford. Jurkovic, G. J. (1998). Destructive parentification in families: Causes and consequences. In L. L’ Abate (Ed.), Handbook of family psychopathology (p. 237). 255: Guilford.
go back to reference Laird, R. D., & De Los Reyes, A. (2013). Testing informant discrepancies as predictors of adolescent psychopathology: Why difference scores cannot tell you what you want to know and how polynomial regression may. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41, 1–14.CrossRefPubMed Laird, R. D., & De Los Reyes, A. (2013). Testing informant discrepancies as predictors of adolescent psychopathology: Why difference scores cannot tell you what you want to know and how polynomial regression may. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41, 1–14.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Laird, R. D., & Weems, C. F. (2011). The equivalence of regression models using difference scores and models using separate scores for each informant: Implications for the study of informant discrepancies. Psychological Assessment, 23, 388–397.CrossRefPubMed Laird, R. D., & Weems, C. F. (2011). The equivalence of regression models using difference scores and models using separate scores for each informant: Implications for the study of informant discrepancies. Psychological Assessment, 23, 388–397.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lerner, R. M., & Knapp, J. R. (1975). Actual and perceived intra-familial attitudes of late adolescents and their parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 4, 17–36.CrossRefPubMed Lerner, R. M., & Knapp, J. R. (1975). Actual and perceived intra-familial attitudes of late adolescents and their parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 4, 17–36.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lerner, J. V., Phelps, E., Forman, Y., & Roeser, R. W. (2009). Positive youth development. In R. M. Lerner, & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 524–558). Lerner, J. V., Phelps, E., Forman, Y., & Roeser, R. W. (2009). Positive youth development. In R. M. Lerner, & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 524–558).
go back to reference Lerner, R. M., & Spanier, G. B. (1980). Adolescent development: A life-span perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill. Lerner, R. M., & Spanier, G. B. (1980). Adolescent development: A life-span perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill.
go back to reference Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2013). Parent-adolescent discrepancies in perceived family functioning and developmental outcomes in Chinese adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage. International Journal of Disability and Human Development, 12(2), 163–174. Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2013). Parent-adolescent discrepancies in perceived family functioning and developmental outcomes in Chinese adolescents experiencing economic disadvantage. International Journal of Disability and Human Development, 12(2), 163–174.
go back to reference Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2014). Parent-adolescent discrepancies in perceived parenting characteristics and adolescent developmental outcomes in poor families. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23(2), 200–213.CrossRefPubMed Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2014). Parent-adolescent discrepancies in perceived parenting characteristics and adolescent developmental outcomes in poor families. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23(2), 200–213.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2015). Family functioning, filial piety and adolescent psychosocial competence in Chinese single-mother families experiencing economic disadvantage: Implications for social work. British Journal of Social Work,. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcv119. Leung, J. T. Y., & Shek, D. T. L. (2015). Family functioning, filial piety and adolescent psychosocial competence in Chinese single-mother families experiencing economic disadvantage: Implications for social work. British Journal of Social Work,. doi:10.​1093/​bjsw/​bcv119.
go back to reference Li, X., Zou, H., Liu, Y., & Zhou, Q. (2014). The relationships of family socioeconomic status, parent-adolescent conflict, and filial piety to adolescents’ family functioning in Mainland China. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23, 29–38.CrossRef Li, X., Zou, H., Liu, Y., & Zhou, Q. (2014). The relationships of family socioeconomic status, parent-adolescent conflict, and filial piety to adolescents’ family functioning in Mainland China. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 23, 29–38.CrossRef
go back to reference Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543–562.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543–562.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Minuchin, P. (1985). Families and individual development: Provocations from the field of family therapy. Child Development, 56, 289–302.CrossRefPubMed Minuchin, P. (1985). Families and individual development: Provocations from the field of family therapy. Child Development, 56, 289–302.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Montemayor, R., & Flannery, D. J. (1991). Parent-adolescent relations in middle and late adolescence. In R. M. Lerner, A. C. Petersen, & J. Brooks-Gunn (Eds.), Encyclopedia of adolescence (pp. 729–734). New York: Garland. Montemayor, R., & Flannery, D. J. (1991). Parent-adolescent relations in middle and late adolescence. In R. M. Lerner, A. C. Petersen, & J. Brooks-Gunn (Eds.), Encyclopedia of adolescence (pp. 729–734). New York: Garland.
go back to reference Nelson, J. A., O’Brien, M., Blankson, A. N., Calkins, S. D., & Keane, S. P. (2009). Family stress and parental responses to children’s negative emotions: Tests of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(5), 671–679.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nelson, J. A., O’Brien, M., Blankson, A. N., Calkins, S. D., & Keane, S. P. (2009). Family stress and parental responses to children’s negative emotions: Tests of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(5), 671–679.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Niemi, R. G. (1974). How family members perceive each other: Political and social attitudes in two generations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Niemi, R. G. (1974). How family members perceive each other: Political and social attitudes in two generations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
go back to reference Ohannessian, C. M., Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., & von Eye, A. (2000). Adolescent-parent discrepancies in perceptions of family functioning and early adolescent self-competence. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 24(3), 362–372.CrossRef Ohannessian, C. M., Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., & von Eye, A. (2000). Adolescent-parent discrepancies in perceptions of family functioning and early adolescent self-competence. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 24(3), 362–372.CrossRef
go back to reference Olson, D. H., McCubbin, H. I., Larsen, A. S., Muxen, M. J., & Wilson, M. A. (1983). Families: What makes them work. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Olson, D. H., McCubbin, H. I., Larsen, A. S., Muxen, M. J., & Wilson, M. A. (1983). Families: What makes them work. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Peris, T. S., & Emery, R. E. (2005). Redefining the parent-child relationship following divorce: Examining the risk for boundary dissolution. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 5(4), 169–189.CrossRef Peris, T. S., & Emery, R. E. (2005). Redefining the parent-child relationship following divorce: Examining the risk for boundary dissolution. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 5(4), 169–189.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L. (1993). Measurement of pessimism in Chinese adolescents: The Chinese hopelessness scale. Social Behavior and Personality, 21, 107–119.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L. (1993). Measurement of pessimism in Chinese adolescents: The Chinese hopelessness scale. Social Behavior and Personality, 21, 107–119.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. (1997). The relation of family functioning to adolescent psychological well-being, school adjustment, and problem behavior. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 158(4), 467–479.CrossRefPubMed Shek, D. T. (1997). The relation of family functioning to adolescent psychological well-being, school adjustment, and problem behavior. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 158(4), 467–479.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L. (2002). Assessment of family functioning Chinese adolescents: The Chinese family assessment instrument. In N. N. Singh, T. Ollendick, & A. N. Singh (Eds.), International perspectives on child and adolescent mental health (pp. 297–316). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. Shek, D. T. L. (2002). Assessment of family functioning Chinese adolescents: The Chinese family assessment instrument. In N. N. Singh, T. Ollendick, & A. N. Singh (Eds.), International perspectives on child and adolescent mental health (pp. 297–316). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L. (2004). Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity: Its relationship to psychological well-being, school adjustment and problem behavior in Chinese adolescents with and without economic disadvantage. Childhood, 11, 63–80.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L. (2004). Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity: Its relationship to psychological well-being, school adjustment and problem behavior in Chinese adolescents with and without economic disadvantage. Childhood, 11, 63–80.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L. (2006). Chinese family research: Puzzles, progress, paradigms, and policy implications. Journal of Family Issues, 27(3), 275–284.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L. (2006). Chinese family research: Puzzles, progress, paradigms, and policy implications. Journal of Family Issues, 27(3), 275–284.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L., & Chan, L. K. (1998). Perceptions of the happy family in a Chinese context. Journal of Youth Studies, 1, 178–189.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L., & Chan, L. K. (1998). Perceptions of the happy family in a Chinese context. Journal of Youth Studies, 1, 178–189.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L., & Ma, C. M. S. (2010). The Chinese family assessment instrument (C-FAI): Hierarchical confirmatory factor analyses and factorial invariance. Research on Social Work Practice, 20, 112–123.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L., & Ma, C. M. S. (2010). The Chinese family assessment instrument (C-FAI): Hierarchical confirmatory factor analyses and factorial invariance. Research on Social Work Practice, 20, 112–123.CrossRef
go back to reference Shek, D. T. L., Siu, A. M. H., & Lee, T. Y. (2007). The Chinese positive youth development scale: A validation study. Research on social Work Practice, 17, 380–391.CrossRef Shek, D. T. L., Siu, A. M. H., & Lee, T. Y. (2007). The Chinese positive youth development scale: A validation study. Research on social Work Practice, 17, 380–391.CrossRef
go back to reference Siu, A. M. H., & Shek, D. T. L. (2005). The Chinese version of the social problem-solving inventory: Some initial results on reliability and validity. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 347–360.CrossRefPubMed Siu, A. M. H., & Shek, D. T. L. (2005). The Chinese version of the social problem-solving inventory: Some initial results on reliability and validity. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 347–360.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Steinberg, L. D. (1991). Parent-adolescent relations. In R. M. Lerner, A. C. Petersen, & J. Brooks-Gunn (Eds.), Encyclopedia of adolescence (pp. 724–728). New York: Garland. Steinberg, L. D. (1991). Parent-adolescent relations. In R. M. Lerner, A. C. Petersen, & J. Brooks-Gunn (Eds.), Encyclopedia of adolescence (pp. 724–728). New York: Garland.
go back to reference Sun, R. C. F., & Hui, E. K. P. (2012). Cognitive competence as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2012. Article ID 210953. doi: 10:1100.2012/210953 Sun, R. C. F., & Hui, E. K. P. (2012). Cognitive competence as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2012. Article ID 210953. doi: 10:1100.2012/210953
go back to reference Sun, R. C. F., & Shek, D. T. L. (2012). Beliefs in the future as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2012. Article ID 527038. doi: 10:1100.2012/527038 Sun, R. C. F., & Shek, D. T. L. (2012). Beliefs in the future as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2012. Article ID 527038. doi: 10:1100.2012/527038
go back to reference Tsang, S. K., Hui, E. K., & Law, B. (2012). Positive identity as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, Article ID 529691, p. 8. doi: 10.1100/2012/529691 Tsang, S. K., Hui, E. K., & Law, B. (2012). Positive identity as a positive youth development construct: A conceptual review. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, Article ID 529691, p. 8. doi: 10.​1100/​2012/​529691
go back to reference Walsh, S., Shulman, S., Bar-On, Z., & Tsur, A. (2006). The roles of parentification and family climate in adaptation among immigrant adolescents in Israel. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 321–350.CrossRef Walsh, S., Shulman, S., Bar-On, Z., & Tsur, A. (2006). The roles of parentification and family climate in adaptation among immigrant adolescents in Israel. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 321–350.CrossRef
go back to reference Westland, J. C. (2010). Lower bounds on sample size in structural equation modeling. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 9(6), 476–487.CrossRef Westland, J. C. (2010). Lower bounds on sample size in structural equation modeling. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 9(6), 476–487.CrossRef
go back to reference Yeh, M. H., & Yang, K. S. (1997). Chinese familism: Conceptual analysis and empirical assessment. Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), 83, 169–225. (in Chinese). Yeh, M. H., & Yang, K. S. (1997). Chinese familism: Conceptual analysis and empirical assessment. Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), 83, 169–225. (in Chinese).
Metagegevens
Titel
Mother–Child Discrepancy in Perceived Family Functioning and Adolescent Developmental Outcomes in Families Experiencing Economic Disadvantage in Hong Kong
Auteurs
Janet T. Y. Leung
Daniel T. L. Shek
Lin Li
Publicatiedatum
18-03-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 10/2016
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0469-3

Andere artikelen Uitgave 10/2016

Journal of Youth and Adolescence 10/2016 Naar de uitgave