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01-08-2011 | Empirical Research

Understanding the School Outcomes of Juvenile Offenders: An Exploration of Neighborhood Influences and Motivational Resources

Auteurs: He Len Chung, Edward P. Mulvey, Laurence Steinberg

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 8/2011

Abstract

As a group, delinquent youth complete less education and show poor academic outcomes compared to their non–delinquent peers. To better understand pathways to school success, this study integrated individual- and neighborhood-level data to examine academic functioning among 833 White, Black, and Hispanic male juvenile offenders (age 14–17) living in two urban communities. A multilevel path analysis confirmed that youth in relatively more affluent communities report greater access to opportunities in the areas of education and employment, and that these opportunities are associated with higher expectations to succeed and better grades. Findings highlight the importance of taking an ecological approach for understanding processes that shape school effort and achievement. Implications are discussed in the context of promoting academic success among juvenile offenders, specifically, and for understanding pathways to healthy adjustment, more generally.

vorige artikel Who is Likely to Help and Hurt? Profiles of African American Adolescents with Prosocial and Aggressive Behavior

volgende artikel Examining the Influence of Family Environments on Youth Violence: A Comparison of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Non-Latino Black, and Non-Latino White Adolescents

A multi-group path analysis indicated that ethnicity did not moderate study effects. The analysis compared the final model for Black (N = 375) and White/Hispanic (N = 433) participants; 25 participants who identified with a different ethnic group were excluded. There were not enough White (N = 167) and Hispanic (N = 266) participants to conduct reliable analyses with the groups separately, so these participants were combined into one sample. The analysis revealed that the model fit equally well for the two groups. Specifically, there was a nonsignificant chi-square difference between a baseline model (in which parameters for both groups were freely estimated) and a constrained model (in which all regression weights and covariances were constrained to be equal across groups); this nonsignicant difference (∆χ ₍₂₀₎ ² = 20.047, ns) suggests that model parameter estimates are equivalent across the two samples. Results of this analysis are available from the authors upon request.

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Titel: Understanding the School Outcomes of Juvenile Offenders: An Exploration of Neighborhood Influences and Motivational Resources
Auteurs: He Len Chung
Edward P. Mulvey
Laurence Steinberg
Publicatiedatum: 01-08-2011
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 8/2011
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-010-9626-2

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